Validity & Reliability Flashcards
How many types of validity are there? How many types of reliability are there?
There are six types of validity
There are three types of reliability
What are the six types of validity?
- Internal validity
- Ecological validity
- Population validity
- Temporal validity
- Concurrent validity
- Face validity
What is internal validity? How is internal validity improved?
Internal validity is how well studies measure the aims
Internal validity is improved by conducting pilot studies and having tighter controls on extraneous variables
What is population validity? How is population validity improved?
Population validity is how well a study represents the wider population
Population validity is improved by using larger sample sizes and a varying social group
What is ecological validity? How is ecological validity improved?
Ecological validity is how well a study represents real life
Ecological validity is improved by using tasks that represent real life and carrying out natural/field field experiments
What is temporal validity? How is temporal validity improved?
Temporal validity is the extent of which a study is applicable to other historical times
Temporal validity is improved by the usage of standardised procedures and the use more than one method to back up results
What is concurrent validity? How is concurrent validity improved?
Concurrent validity is the similarities between current and previous studies
Concurrent validity is improved by controlling extraneous variables and operationalising variables
What is face validity? How is face validity improved?
Face validity is a measure of whether the test looks like what it is supposed to measure
Face validity is improved by having double blind procedures and having pilot studies conducted
What are the exams most likely to test you on when it comes to testing types of validity?
Exams are most likely to test you on how to improve certain types of validity
What are the three types of reliability?
- Internal reliability
- External reliability
- Inter - observer reliability
What is internal reliability? How is internal reliability improved?
Internal reliability is a measure of the consistency of results across items on the same test/experiment
Internal reliability is improved by using a split half method. By comparing a person’s performance on two parts of a test/experiment
What is external reliability? How is external reliability improved? When results are the same, what does this indicate about the external reliability?
External reliability is a measure of consistency over several different occasions
External reliability is improved by test - retest methods (repeating tests after a reasonable period of time)
When the results are the same, there is a high external reliability
What makes a study lack external reliability?
- When there are extraneous variables affecting the dependent variable
- When there is a test or questionnaire used in a study that lack reliability
What does the test-retest method test?
It is a method of testing the external reliability of a questionnaire or test
How would a psychologist do a test - retest method?
The test - retest method involves the psychologist having the same participants take the same test on one day. Then a day or week later, have the same participants do the test again and compare the results.
