Valvular heart disease and cardiomyopathies

Question 1

Pathophysiology of HF?

Answer 1

Question 2

Where is BNP released?

Answer 2

Question 3

What is the commonest cause of chronic HF?

Answer 3

Ischaemic DCM

Question 4

What is DCM?

Answer 4

Question 5

What ECG changes do you see with pericarditis?

Answer 5

Question 6

Viral causes of pericarditis?

Answer 6

Coxsackie
Herpes
Adenoviruses

Question 7

Autoimmune causes of pericarditis?

Answer 7

SLE
Rh arthritis

Question 8

What is Dresslers syndrome?

Answer 8

Dressler syndrome, also known as post-myocardial infarction syndrome, is a condition in which sterile pericarditis develops shortly after myocardial injury.

Immune system response to damaged heart tissue.

Question 9

How long is colchicine given for pericarditis?

Answer 9

3 months

Question 10

What can be given for complex/recurrent cases of pericarditis?

Answer 10

Question 11

What is constrictive pericarditis?

Answer 11

Question 12

What’s kussmaul’s sign?

Answer 12

Elevated JVP on inspiration

Question 13

What HS do you hear in constrictive pericarditis?

Answer 13

Pericardial knock

Question 14

Treatment for constrictive pericarditis?

Answer 14

Question 15

What are the ECHO findings in tamponade?

Answer 15

Diastolic collapse of RV or RA

Question 16

Where do you insert a pericardial drain?

Answer 16

Question 17

What local pressure symptoms do you get with chronic pericardial effusions?

Answer 17

Question 18

CXR findings in chronic pericardial effusions?

Answer 18

Globular cardiomegaly

Question 19

ECG findings in chronic pericardial effusions?

Answer 19

Question 20

What happens to LV with AS?

Answer 20

Question 21

Aortic valve pressures for mild/mod/severe?

Answer 21

Question 22

What are the causes of mitral regurgitation?

Answer 22

Question 23

ECHO findings in MR>

Answer 23

Question 24

AR causes?

Answer 24

Question 25

AR ECG and ECHO findings?

Answer 25

Question 26

MS causes pressure overload on what?

Answer 26

Question 27

MS ECG and ECHO findings?

Answer 27

Question 28

When would you do balloon mitral valvotomy?

Answer 28

Question 29

When would you do edge-to-edge mitral valve repair?

Answer 29

Question 30

When would you do balloon pulmonary valvotomy?

Answer 30

Question 31

Is HCM autosomal dominant or recessive?

Answer 31

Autosomal dominant

Question 32

Signs of HCM on ECHO?

Answer 32

Question 33

Commonest cause of SCD <30?

Answer 33

HCM

Question 34

Difference between HCM and HOCM?

Answer 34

Question 35

What murmur do you get with HCM?

Answer 35

Question 36

ECG signs for HCM?

Answer 36

Question 37

Genetic abnormalities in HCM?

Answer 37

Question 38

HCM management?

Answer 38

Question 39

When is ICD recommended for HCM?

Answer 39

Question 40

What is restrictive cardiomyopathy?

Answer 40

Question 41

Types of cardiac amyloidosis?

Answer 41

Question 42

Clinical signs of cardiac amyloidosis?

Answer 42