Acute medical presentation 1 Flashcards
What are the risk factors for an MI?
Risk factors for PE?
Which murmur is more likely in aortic dissection?
AR
Which murmur is more likely in exertional angina?
AS
What heart sounds would you hear in pericarditis?
Rub
What would you suspect with a pleural rub?
Pleurisy
What would you suspect with bronchial breathing?
pneumonia
Type of pain in aortic dissection?
Severe central chest, tearing.
May radiate to back (interscapular)
What are the risk factors for aortic dissection?
HTN
Collagenopathies (e.g. marfans)
What are the signs of an aortic dissection?
What is the acute management of an aortic dissection?
How does a type A vs type B aortic dissection differ in management?
Cause of VT?
Myocardial scar
Cause of VF?
Acute MI
What at the 4 Hs and 4 Ts?
When do you give adrenaline in cardiac arrest?
Every 3-5 mins
When do you give amiodarone in cardiac arrest?
After 3rd shock
Types of neuromuscular failure?
Guillain Barre
Myasthenia gravis
What are the potential differentials of pleuritic chest pain?
What are the sizes of small and large pneumothorax?
What is the definition of pneumothorax?
What is the different between primary and secondary pneumothorax?
Primary - normal lungs
Secondary - Underlying lung disease e.g. COPD, Pulmonary fibrosis, CF
What are the risk factors of primary pneumothorax?
Is primary or secondary pneumothorax more serious?
Secondary
90% of patients who have a primary pneumothorax have what on imaging?
what is the typical presentation of a pneumothorax?
What are the signs of pneumothorax?
What are the signs of tension pneumothorax?
What type of imaging would you do if suspecting a pneumothorax?
What would you see on an ABG in a pneumothorax?
What discharge advice is given in primary pneumothorax?
When would you aspirate a primary pneumothorax?
How would you manage a secondary pneumothorax?
What are the indications for a chest drain?
What is the management for a tension pneumothorax?
What is the definiton of a PE?
How is the severity of a PE determined?
In what symptoms would you consider a PE?
What is the signs of a PE?
Which investigations would you do in a suspected PE and what would you expect to find?
What Wells score indicates low, intermediate and high risk of a PE?
What is the management of an acute PE?
How would you manage a severe PE?
What is the PESI scoring for PE?
What happens in the cells in anaphylaxis?
Histamine released from Mast Cells -> increased vascular permeability -> swelling
What is the presentation of anaphylaxis?
How is anaphylaxis managed?
What is a biphasic reaction in anaphylaxis?
a second reaction/wave 6-12hr later
Which bloods do you test for in anaphylaxis?
Mast Cell Tryptase, 3 samples between 2-4 hours
What type of puncture could you do in severe upper airway obstruction?
Crico-thyroid membrane puncture
