Valve Disorder

Question 1

What can damage the heart?

Answer 1

Anything that can damage the heart including:
* Congenital heart disease
* Cardiomyopathy
* Heart Attack
* Infection
* Rheumatic fever
* Endocarditis

Congenital heart disease is particularly a concern for pre-term babies.

Question 2

What are common signs and symptoms of heart issues?

Answer 2

Signs and symptoms include:
* Tachycardia
* Dyspnea
* Fatigue
* Edema
* Pleural effusion
* Enlarged organs
* Ascites

These symptoms are often associated with low oxygen levels due to inadequate heart pumping.

Question 3

What does regurgitation in the heart refer to?

Answer 3

Return of blood or backflow of blood as the valve does not completely close

This can lead to insufficient blood flow to the body.

Question 4

What are the types of stenosis related to heart valves?

Answer 4

Main types of stenosis include:
* Aortic Stenosis
* Mitral Stenosis

Stenosis refers to stiff, narrowed, or hard valves.

Question 5

What are the types of regurgitation related to heart valves?

Answer 5

Main types of regurgitation include:
* Aortic Regurgitation
* Mitral Regurgitation

Regurgitation issues arise when valves fail to close properly.

Question 6

What are the pharmacological treatments for heart conditions?

Answer 6

Pharmacological treatments include:
* Anticoagulants: Heparin & Warfarin
* Antiplatelet: Aspirin & Clopidogrel
* Nitroglycerin for chest pain

These medications help manage symptoms and prevent complications.

Question 7

What is involved in valve replacement surgery?

Answer 7

Valve replacement requires lifelong Warfarin therapy

Patients must undergo routine blood tests to monitor INR levels.

Question 8

What should patients avoid after heart surgery?

Answer 8

Patients should avoid:
* Dental procedures for 6 months
* Hard brushing of teeth
* Traditional shaving
* Throw rugs

Antibiotics should be taken before dental exams.

Question 9

What is the target INR range for patients with valve replacements on Warfarin?

Answer 9

The target INR range is 2.5 - 3.5

This range is crucial for preventing clotting complications.

Question 10

Fill in the blank: Stenosis refers to _______.

Answer 10

[stiff, narrowed, hard valves]

Question 11

True or False: Edema is a sign of heart problems.

Answer 11

True

Edema can indicate fluid retention due to heart failure.