Hypertension Flashcards
What is hypertension?
Chronic high blood pressure that can cause damage to organs
What are the potential consequences of untreated hypertension?
- CVA (stroke risk)
- MI (heart attack)
- HF (heart failure)
- CKD (renal failure)
- Atherosclerosis
- Blindness (retinopathy)
What does the memory trick HYPERtension refer to?
High Blood Pressure; ‘High Tension on the heart and organs’
What is the nickname for hypertension due to the lack of symptoms?
Silent Killer
List three signs or symptoms of hypertension.
- Achy head (headache)
- Blurred vision (retinopathy)
- Chest pain (angina)
What is considered a hypertension crisis level?
Over 180/120
What are the immediate actions for managing a hypertension crisis?
- Beta blockers
- CCBs
- Dilators (vasodilators)
- Emergency to ICU
What is the normal range for ejection fraction measured by echocardiogram?
55 - 70%
What are the key numbers associated with hypertension stages?
- Crisis: 180/120
- Stage 2: 140/90
- Stage 1: 130-139/80-89
- Elevated: 120-129/80
What is the normal BNP level?
100 or less
What are the components of a cholesterol panel for normal levels?
- Total Cholesterol: 200
- Triglycerides: 150
- LDL: Under 100
- HDL: Over 40
What does the acronym SODA stand for in causes of hypertension?
- Stress
- Obesity
- Diet
- Age
What are common pharmacological classes used to lower blood pressure?
- ACE inhibitors
- ARBs
- Beta blockers
- Calcium channel blockers
- Diuretics
- Vasodilators
What is the primary caution associated with ACE inhibitors?
Angioedema and cough
What is the primary function of diuretics?
Drains fluid
