Endocarditis/ Pericarditis Flashcards
What is Endocarditis?
Inflammation of the inner side of the heart
It can be infective (caused by bacteria) or non-infective (only inflammation)
What are the two types of Endocarditis?
- Infective
- Non-infective
What happens to heart valves in Endocarditis?
Heart valves can’t close fully
What is a major consequence of Endocarditis?
Less cardiac output = Less oxygen out
What are common signs and symptoms of Endocarditis?
- Clots in the heart & brain
- Risk for stroke (CVA)
- Splinter hemorrhages
- Lung fluid
- Fever
- Low oxygen levels
- Clubbing fingers
- Roth spots
- Oster’s nodes
- Janeway lesions
What are the causes of Endocarditis?
- Dirty needles
- Dental visits
- Heart surgery (valve replacements, CABG)
- Untreated strep throat
What is the primary treatment for Endocarditis?
- Antibiotics
- Valve repair or replacement
What should be monitored in patients with a history of Endocarditis?
Monitor for infection
What oral care is recommended for patients with Endocarditis?
Brush 2x a day, no flossing
What should patients inform all providers about?
History of Endocarditis
What is Pericarditis?
Inflammation outside the heart
What is a major consequence of Pericarditis?
Heart gets compressed & can’t pump
What are the signs and symptoms of Pericarditis?
- Precordial chest pain
- Elevated WBC (over 10,000)
- C-reactive protein
- Cardiac tamponade signs (JVD, muffled heart sounds, pulsus paradoxus)
What are the causes of Pericarditis?
- Heart attack
- Autoimmune disorders
- Infection
- Surgical failure
What is the treatment for Pericarditis?
- NSAIDs (indomethacin)
- Steroids (prednisone)
- Pericardiocentesis (drain fluid or blood in the heart sac)
