Hypovolemic Shock & Cardiogenic Flashcards
What is shock?
A life-threatening condition resulting from inadequate tissue perfusion
This leads to possible cell dysfunction, cell death, and even organ failure.
What is hypovolemic shock?
A type of shock characterized by low volume in the blood
It is the most common type of shock.
What are the signs and symptoms of hypovolemic shock?
- Weak, thready pulse
- Tachycardia
- Hypotension
- Cyanosis
- Cool, pale skin
- Oliguria
- Confusion, agitation
What are the causes of non-hemorrhagic hypovolemic shock?
- Fluid shift (edema or ascites)
- Severe dehydration (vomiting, diarrhea, burns)
What are the causes of hemorrhagic hypovolemic shock?
- Trauma
- Gastrointestinal bleed
- Postpartum complications
What is the treatment for hypovolemic shock?
- 2 large-bore IVs
- Fluids & blood replacement
- Crystalloids (normal saline or lactated Ringer’s)
- Colloids (albumin)
- Blood products (plasma, PRBCs & PLTs)
What is cardiogenic shock?
A type of shock where the heart can’t pump enough blood to meet the body’s perfusion needs
There is enough blood, but the heart cannot pump it effectively.
What are the signs and symptoms of cardiogenic shock?
- Weak peripheral pulses
- Tachycardia
- Hypotension
- Cool, clammy skin
- Jugular vein distention (JVD)
- Chest pain
- Oliguria
- Confusion, agitation
- Dyspnea
What are the causes of cardiogenic shock?
- Damage from an acute myocardial infarction (MI)
- Severe hypoxemia
- Acidosis
- Hypoglycemia
- Cardiomyopathy
- Cardiac tamponade
- Dysrhythmias
What is the treatment for cardiogenic shock?
- Angioplasty
- Thrombolytics
- Oxygen
- Vasopressors
- Diuretics
- Intra-aortic balloon pump
Fill in the blank: The most common type of shock is _______.
hypovolemic shock
True or False: Hypovolemic shock can be caused by severe dehydration.
True
What does ‘CVP’ stand for in shock assessment?
Central venous pressure
What does ‘HR’ stand for in shock assessment?
Heart rate
What does ‘BP’ stand for in shock assessment?
Blood pressure
