Value Stream Mapping Flashcards
What is value?
how the specific product or service meets the customer’s needs, at a specific price, at a specific time
An activity is value-added if:
- it directly transforms the product or service closer to what the customer wants
- it is done right the first time
- the customer wants it and is willing to pay for it
What is a value steam?
the entire sequence of activities in a system required to produce a product or service
What are the 3 main components of a value stream?
1) flow of materials from the supplier to the customer
2) transformation of raw materials into finished goods or services
3) the flow of information is used to support the flow of materials and transformation
What are the 3 types of activities in a value stream?
value-added
non-value-added - necessary to stay in business such as paying taxes
pure waste
What is value stream mapping?
a lean tool that helps an organization understand the flow of materials and information through the value stream
A value stream map is a ___________ map with _____________.
process, metrics
What are typical VSM metrics?
- cycle time of an operation (C/T)
- machine or systems uptime
- changeover time (C/O)
- overall equipment effectiveness (OEE)
- number of operators
- value-added time of an operation
- wait time
- scrap rate
- lead time
- percent complete and accurate
The current state must reflect _________, not the way the process was ___________ or the way the documentation states.
reality, designed
______________________ the current state map by walking the process to ensure no steps were missed.
Validate
How do you use VSM?
- current state VSM
- desired future state VSM
- welcome diversions when they come up
What is cycle time?
the time it takes for a process to run from start to finish
What are two ways to reduce cycle time?
- strive for continuous flow
- reduce time spent on changing from one product or service to the next
What are tools for reducing cycle time? (7)
1) workflow analysis
2) value stream analysis
3) process design
4) countermeasure activities
5) six sigma projects
6) cycle time adjustments
7) standard work
What is cellularization?
analyzing the current process and determining if there are bottlenecks causing parts or materials to back up
How is continuous flow used to reduce cycle time?
1) as materials flow, value is added
2) new flow is created which requires a new layout
3) value adding steps are arranged one after another for no piles between steps
4) moving away from batch processing
What is set up reduction/changeover reduction/Single Minute Exchange of Die (SMED)?
a tool to speed up the time in a process
What are the steps of set up reduction? (10)
1) video is taken of set process
2) set up time is measured
3) detailed elemental analysis
4) elements assessed as internal or external (internal = process stopped, external = still producing)
5) move internal elements to external elements
6) optimize remaining tasks
7) new process is tried and measured
8) feedback gathered and adjustments made
9) new process is rolled out
10) review process to make sure it is sustained
