Valley Practice Examination Flashcards
A number that shows how much of a gas will dissolve in a liquid at some specified temperature.
Ostwald
A principle for calculating cardiac output from oxygen uptake or carbon dioxide elimination and oxygen or carbon dioxide concentrations in arterial and venous blood.
Fick principle
Described behavior of non-ideal gases.
van der Waal
Gas pressure is inversely proportional to gas volume at constant temperature.
Boyle
The total pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures.
Dalton
6.02 x 10^23
Avogadro
Gas pressure increases if temperature increases and volume does not change.
Gay-Lussac
One mole of ideal gas occupies 22.4 liters of 0’C and 1 atm.
Avogadro
Volume increases when temperature increases, if pressure is constant.
Charles
Twice as much O2 will dissolve in arterial blood if the alveolar partial pressure of O2 is doubled.
Henry
A number that reveals whether or not flow is laminar or turbulent.
Reynolds
Concentration effect.
Fick’s law of diffusion
Explained how pressure, tube radius, tube length, and fluid viscosity contribute to laminar flow.
Hagen-Poiseuille
Tension in the wall of a blood vessel is proportional to the radius
Laplace
The lateral pressure of fluid flowing through a constricted segment of tubing is decreased.
Bernoulli
What law or principle explains normal tidal breathing?
a. Boyle’s law
b. Hagen-Poiseuille’s law
c. Dalton’s law
d. Bernoulli’s principle
a. Boyle’s law
Muscle relaxants are:
a. esters
b. ethers
c. thiosulfates
d. quaternary ammonium bases
d. quaternary ammonium bases
Desflurane, enflurane, isoflurane and sevoflurane are halogenated:
a. amines
b. esters
c. amides
d. ethers
d. ethers
The equation for calculating systemic vascular resistance(SVR) is 80 x SVR = (MAP - CVP)/CO, where MAP is mean arterial pressure, CVP is central venous pressure, and CO is cardiac output. What law or principle permits this calculation?
a. LeChatelier’s principle
b. Ohm’s law
c. Superimposition principle
d. Low of Laplace
b. Ohm’s law
Consider a weak acid in solution when the pH = pKa for the weak acid. Which of the following statements is correct?
a. Only the nonionized form of the species exists
b. pH = 7.0
c. Only ionized form of the species exist
d. the concentration of ionized species is equal to the concentration of nonionized species
d. the concentration of ionized species is equal to the concentration of nonionized species
Which of the following is the salt form of a weak acid?
a. Drug sulfate
b. Drug hydrochloride
c. Sodium drug
d. Drug phosphate
c. Sodium drug
Which orally administered drug will be most nonionized and best absorbed across the stomach wall when stomach pH = 2.0?
a. A weak base with pKa = 4.5
b. A weak base with pKa = 8.6
c. A weak acid with pKa = 3.6
d. A weak acid with pKa = 6.2
d. A weak acid with pKa = 6.2
Which of the following drugs is most nonionized at body pH of 7.4?
a. A weak acid with pKa of 7.4
b. A weak base with pKa of 7.4
c. A weak acid with pKa of 5.0
d. A weak base with pKa of 5.0
d. A weak base with pKa of 5.0
A local anesthetic is:
a. weak base with pKa less than 7.4
b. weak base with pKa greater than 7.4
c. weak acid with pKa less than 7.4
d. weak acid with pKa greater than 7.4
b. weak base with pKa greater than 7.4