Vaccines

Question 1

Vaccination are aka

Answer 1

Immunizations

Question 2

Ag means

Answer 2

Artifically

Question 3

Person actively mounts an immune response to

Answer 3

The Ag

Question 4

A person getting a ready-made ab means they are getting

Answer 4

Passive vaccination

Question 5

Who began a series of experiments to prevent smallpox

Answer 5

Edward Jenner

Question 6

What virus was completely neutralized?

Answer 6

Smallpox

Question 7

What is a vaccine

Answer 7

A suspension of organisms or parts of an organism that can induce immunity

Question 8

Whole agent vaccines (2)

Answer 8

Live attenuated
Killed

Question 9

5 types of vaccines

Answer 9

Whole agent
Subunit
Toxoids
Conjugated
Nucleic acid

Question 10

Examples of killed whole agent vaccines

Answer 10

Old pertussis vaccine
Rabies vaccine

Question 11

Killed whole agent are unable to

Answer 11

Replicate

Question 12

May need booster shots

Answer 12

Killed whole vaccines

Question 13

Attenuated means

Answer 13

Weakend

Question 14

“Modified-live” vaccine

Answer 14

Whole agent attenuated or live

Question 15

Modified-live vaccines should not be given to who

Answer 15

Immunocompromised patients

Question 16

example of attenuated whole agent vaccines

Answer 16

MMR vaccine= measles, mumps and rubella viruses

Question 17

Are attenuated vaccines able to replicate?

Answer 17

Yes, but its not virulent, meaning not very harmful.

Question 18

What is dangerous about whole agent vaccines?

Answer 18

They can mutate back to dangerous forms.

Question 19

Contains parts of the microorganisms that will best stimulate the immunogenicity response.

Answer 19

Subunit vaccines

Question 20

Subunit vaccines 3 benefits

Answer 20

Safer
No whole microbe
Less side effects

Question 21

2 examples of subunit vaccines

Answer 21

Influenza type B and Hep B

Question 22

2 types of subunit vaccines

Answer 22

Bacterial capsules

Question 23

Bacterial capsules examples (2)

Answer 23

Streptococcus pneumoniae and Hemophilus influenza type B

Question 24

viral Peplomers example

Answer 24

Hep B= recombinant virus

Question 25

Conjugated vaccines are an example of

Answer 25

Subunit vaccines

Question 26

Not the whole microbe but is attached to a foreign protein.

Answer 26

Conjugated vaccines

Question 27

Conjugated vaccines examples (2)

Answer 27

Pneumonia vaccines Heamophiulus influenza

Question 28

Developed to get a better immune response to polysaccharide vaccines

Answer 28

Conjugated vaccines

Question 29

Antigenic but not toxic

Answer 29

Toxoids

Question 30

Require a series of injections

Answer 30

Toxoids

Question 31

3 examples of toxoids

Answer 31

Diphtheria toxoid Tetanus toxoid D and T of DTaP

Question 32

Future vaccines (2)

Answer 32

Viral vectors Nucleic acid vaccine

Question 33

Viral vectors

Answer 33

Insert gene coding for Ag into vaccinia virus Give people the recombinant virus Virus expresses the Ag People mount an immune response

Question 34

nucleic acid vaccine

Answer 34

Inject the DNA coding for the protein Ag DNA and thus the protein is expressed Immune response is mounted by the host

Question 35

Viral vector vaccine for covid

Answer 35

AstraZeneca

Question 36

DNA vaccines

Answer 36

Nucleic acid vaccines

Question 37

2 DNA vaccines approved for animals

Answer 37

West Nile Disease in Salmon

Question 38

Benefits of nucleic acid vaccines (4)

Answer 38

Cheaper No need for needles No need for refrigeration Safe because they contain no whole microbes

Question 39

Vaccines that carry genetic material that teaches cells how to make a harmless piece of “spike protein”

Answer 39

m-RNA vaccines

Question 40

Does RNA enter the nucleus?

Answer 40

No

Question 41

Do mRNA vaccines affect our DNA? Why or why not?

Answer 41

NO! RNA cannot enter the nucleus of the cell

Question 42

What happens to the genetic material from the vaccine after copies of the spike protein is made?

Answer 42

Destroyed by the cells