Antimicrobial drugs Flashcards
Antibiotics are either _____ or ____.
Bacteriostatic or bacteriocidal
Bacteriostatic=
Inhibits bacterial growth
Bacteriocidal=
Kills bacteria
Ribosomes role
Synthesize proteins
Antibiotics disrupt cell _____ function.
Membrane
The membrane is made of
Phospholipids
The antibiotics that bind to cell membrane
Polymixins and polyenes
When the antibiotic binds to the cell membrane it makes it more ____ to get into the cell.
Permeable
Polyenes are used specifically against
Fungis
Penicillin, bacitracin, and cephalon sporins target what
The cell wall (cell wall synthesis)
Why won’t penicillin effect human cells?
Because we do not have cell walls with peptidoglycan layers.
What layer does penicillin target
Peptidoglycan
Quinolenes and nalioixic acids inhibit
Inhibition of DNA synthesis
Rifamycin inhibits
Inhibition of RNA synthesis
50s is targeted by
erythromycin and chloramphenicol
30s is targeted by
Tetracycline
Stetomycin
Gentamycin
5 methods in which antibiotics target a cell
1) cell membrane
2) cell wall synthesis
3) inhibition of RNA and DNA synthesis
4) inhibition of protein synthesis
5) inhibition of folic acid metabolism
Why are the antibiotics that target protein synthesis Bacteriostatic?
Because the ribosomes will not be able to make any proteins but the cell is still alive.
PABA converts to
Folate
Drugs that inhibit folic acid metabolism
Sulfonamides
Trimetoprim
Do humans synthesize folic acid?
No, thats why sulfonamides and trimetoprim are effective.
