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Microbiology Exam 3 > Specific Defenses Part 1 > Flashcards

Specific Defenses Part 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Specific immunity (5)

A

Specificity
Foreign
Memory
Antigen
Specific acquired immunity

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2
Q

Specificity

A

Recognize a specific foreign substance
“Non-self” or foreign
“Self” ie your own body’s cells

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3
Q

Foreign

A

Bacteria, viruses, pollen, transplanted tissues

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4
Q

Memory

A

If you recover from a specific infection, you are immune to it when exposed again

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5
Q

Antigen (Ag)

A

Substance that stimulates an immune response

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6
Q

specific acquired immunity

A

Is MEDIATED by LYMPHOCYTES
T cells
B cells

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7
Q

T cells are responsible for

A

Thymus development and cellular immunity

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8
Q

B cells are responsible for

A

Bone marrow development and humoral immunity

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9
Q

B cells originate in the

A

Bone marrow

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10
Q

B cells produce

A

Antibody molecules that recognize and bind to Ag

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11
Q

T cells originate in the

A

Bone marrow

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12
Q

B cells mature in the

A

Bone marrow

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13
Q

T cells mature in the

A

Thymus

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14
Q

T cells have what that recognizes Ag on the surface of a target cell.

A

Cell surface receptors (TCR)

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15
Q

Acquired immunity is protection that developed over

A

A lifetime against a specific Ag either after infection or vaccination

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16
Q

Acquired immunity can occur NATURALLY or _____

A

Artificially

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17
Q

Acquired immunity can occur ACTIVELY or ______

A

Passively

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18
Q

Naturally acquired active immunity

A

Person acquires immunity naturally when encounters the pathogen

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19
Q

naturally acquired passive immunity

A

Natural transfer of preformed Ab from mother to fetus or infant

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20
Q

Artificially acquired active immunity

A

Immunity acquired after vaccination against a specific infectious agent

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21
Q

Artificially acquired passive immunity

A

Immunity acquired after injection of preformed Ab

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22
Q

Active immunity happens when your own system has been activated. (T/F)

A

T

23
Q

Is active immunity long lasting?

A

Yes

24
Q

Passive immunity happens when antibodies (made somewhere else) are given to you. (T/F)

A

T

25
Q

passive immunity is short lasting (T/F)

A

T

26
Q

2 immune systems of specific acquired immunity

A

Humoral and cell mediated

27
Q

Effective against intracellular viruses, fungi, Protozoa, transplants, and cancer cells.

A

Cell mediated immune system

28
Q

Effective against extracelluar viruses, bacterial toxins and circulating viruses from floating blood and fluids.

A

Humoral immune system

29
Q

Humoral immune system is mediated by

A

Antibodies

30
Q

Cell mediated immune system is mediated by

A

Direct cell-cell interactions

31
Q

B lymphocytes are used in the ___ immune system

A

Humoral

32
Q

T lymphocytes are used in the ___ immune system

A

Cell mediated

33
Q

Do antibodies go into the cell?

A

NO, they cannot enter the cell

34
Q

Polypeptides are made of

A

Amino acids (several or more joined together)

35
Q

How many polypeptides comes together to made an antibody molecule?

A

2

36
Q

What are the chains called in an antibody molecule?

A

Heavy chains (2)
Light chains (2)

37
Q

How many antigen binding sites are in a single antibody molecule

A

2
The top of the Y

38
Q

The shape of an antibody molecule

A

Y

39
Q

How many antigens can an antibody bind to inself?

A

2

40
Q

How many classes of antibodies can we recognize

A

5

41
Q

What are the classes of antibodies

A

IgG
IgM
IgA
IgD
IgE
(Ig = immunoglobulin)

42
Q

IgG is the only antibody that can

A

Cross the placenta

43
Q

A protein that coats a microbe to enchace pahgo

A

Opsonin

44
Q

What class of antibody is an opsonin

A

IgG

45
Q

The main antibody we produce in a secondary immune response.

A

IgG

46
Q

The ONLY case where you DO NOT want antibodies for the pathogen.

A

HIV

47
Q

If you have a lot of IgG you are protected against the pathogen, EXCEPT for…

A

HIV

48
Q

IgM has how many binding sites?

A

10

49
Q

First antibody during a primary immune response

A

IgM

50
Q

the main antibody in secretions

A

IgA

51
Q

IgD’s function

A

Unkown

52
Q

IgE is important in defense against

A

Parasitic worms

53
Q

the main antibody produced if you allergic to something

A

IgE

Microbiology Exam 3 (8 decks)

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