Vaccine and Immunotherapeutics Flashcards
What are the drawbacks to an inactivated viral vaccine?
Do you need to refrigerate the inactivated viral vaccine?
No
What are the disadvantages of live attenuated vaccines?
The microbe has been weakened and people with weakened immune systems cannot be given live vaccines
Where do you store live vaccines?
Fridge
Is their a possibility that the live vaccine could revert to a virulent form?
Yes
What is a protein based vaccine
Subunit vaccine that uses a subunit (spike) to develop antigents
How many different antigents can a subunit vaccine contain?
1 to 20
What is a viral vector vaccine?
where the gene for a pathogen protein is inserted into a different virus without causing disease
What is a nucleic acid vaccine?
Nucleic acid coding for the antigen is injected
What are toxoid vaccines?
For bacteria that secrete toxins that are harmful chemicals, they serve to inactivate the toxins by treating with formalin
take some time to review the next slide
Example of Attenuated live virus
Measeles, yellow fever
Whole inactivated virus?
Rabies, hep aP
Protein subunit vaccine?
Influenza
Recombinant vaccine?
Hep B
Replicating or non-replicating viral vector?
Ebola
Nucleic acid vaccine
Covid-19
What is a good vaccine?
What is self-amplifying mRNA?
mRNA that is engineered to make more copies of itself once delivered into cells
What is the usage of micro-spheres of polymer?
Can relase the vaccine into the body at day one and day 21 (Delayed release and gives a boost!
How many micrograms did the covid vaccines generally were?
30-100
What is a conjugate vaccine?
Generally given in infants where the antigen is coated in polysaccharides so that the body does not recognize or respond to the coating.
When making a conjugate vaccine scientists like?
Polysaccharides are sugars that are very
Hydrophilic
What is Bexerso?
Consists of 4 antigenic components chosen to achieve broad protetion from MenB
What is Placizumab
Approved therapeutic AB treatment that targets RSV and does not allow it to enter cell
What was the issue with the RSV early vaccine
Made disease worse because the Trimeric F protein of RSV undergoes major conformational changes hence the target changes
Therefore DS-CAV1 used which induced 10 times the level of neutralizing antidbodies as a vaccine with postfusion F did in a study
