Antibodies Flashcards
What are the specific functions of antibodies in cancer therapy?
Tumor specific IgG
Angiogenesis inhibition
Checkpoint blockade
Radioimmunoptherapy
Antibody-drug conjugate therapy
Bispecific antibody therapy
CAR T Cells
How big is an antibody generally?
150kDa
What are the components of a antidbody
Heavy chain light chain, where the head is Varaiable and the tail is constant
Where does the c portion of antibodies bind to?
FC receptors
What is the Fab portion of an antibody?
Antigen binding
What does is mean to be a heteroetramer?
What makes an antibody specific?
CDR loops
How is antibody diversity generated?
What is the number of possible heavy and light chain combinations?
2.64x106
How do we make antibodies for protiens of interest?
Hybridoma method, Xenomouse technology, phage display and selection
What are the 4 methods for developing antibodies?
Mouse hybridoma, Phage Display, Transgenic mouse, single B cell
What are chimeric antibodies?
Where portions are mouse specific (Such as the antigen specific region)_ and the tail region is human specific so that we can use it in humans
What cells make antibodies?
B Cells
What portions are compatible with page display
Only scFv and VH/VHH
What is the success rate from phase I study to FDA approval for antibody treatment/development?
About 25% where small Molecules drugs are about 7%
What % of antibodies are targeted against the 10 top candidates?
45
What are the top 10 mAB targets?
What is the Bevacizumab?
Targets VEGFA which inhibits angiogenesis and is used for age related macular degeneration and several acncers
What is controversy between bevacizumab and lucentis?
Lucentis costs alot more, but moth have equal efficacy
What can mutations in Fc region of antibody tdo/
It can alter the binding affinity to Fc gamma receptors and decrease antibody effector functions as desired
What has engineering the Fc fragment done to antibody therapies?
Increased half life by preventing degredatation of the lysosomes
What are bispecific antibodies?
What is Biparatopic binding?
Therefore better for drug conjugation
What is a quadroma/
All 4 main components of antibody are different therefore leading to 10 diferent products
What is Knob in holes technology?
Mutations prevent/reduce homodimerization of heavyc cahin and light chain crossover can still happen
WHat is Cross MAB technology?
Enables purificaiton of correctly paired antibodies, light chain crossover is prevented
What do bispecific antibodies allow ofr?
(DONT BOTHER) What are the advanatages/disadvantages of alternativer scaffolds?
