Vaccination Considerations Flashcards
Which individuals should be vaccinated?
Naive animals
What is a naive animal?
Has had no previous exposure or immunity
Considerations for vaccinating naive animals
Neonates may have maternally-derived antibodies which will wipe out the vaccine and make it redundant
Don’t vaccinate them too soon
Immunity gap between maternal antibody decrease and neonate antibody production
Considerations for vaccinating old animals
May have had sufficient doses to accumulate a good immune repose
Tend to respond less well to vaccinations (especially live attenuated or whole killed vaccines)
Considerations for vaccinating immunocompromised animals
○ Must be careful
○ Particularly with live attenuated vaccines - could replicate more in immunocompromised animal
Considerations for vaccinating pregnant
animals
○ Are slightly immunocompromised
○ Particular care with live attenuated vaccines - fever response can cause pregnancy loss
Other considerations when vaccinating
May be dictated b regulatory bodies
* outbreaks of bluetongue
* competition animals
* travelling animals
How often should you vaccinate a naive animal?
Will need more than one dose to boost immune response
2nd and 3rd doses will get IgG up to plateau then slowly decline over time
Need booster after a year or so
Repeated vaccinations increase affinity of antibodies
How often should you vaccinate a naive animal?
Will need more than one dose to boost immune response
2nd and 3rd doses will get IgG up to plateau then slowly decline over time
Need booster after a year or so
Repeated vaccinations increase affinity of antibodies
What is R0
Reproduction number of pathogen
Tells you how many other animals an infected individual can infect
Standard CDV Vaccination protocol
Canine Distemper virus - modified live vaccine
Primary course
* 1st vaccine at 8 weeks
* 2nd vaccine at 12 weeks
Booster a year later
Next booster 3 years later
Next booster 1 year later
CORE
Standard CAV Vaccination protocol
Canine adenovirus - modified live vaccine
Primary course
* 1st vaccine at 8 weeks
* 2nd vaccine at 12 weeks
Booster a year later
Next booster 3 years later
CORE
Standard CPV2 vaccination protocol
Canine parvovirus type 2
Primary course
* 1st vaccine at 8 weeks
* 2nd vaccine at 12 weeks
Booster a year later
Next booster 3 years later
CORE
Non-core vaccination protocol
Primary course
* 1st vaccine at 8 weeks
* 2nd vaccine at 12 weeks
Annual boosters after primary course
‘cat flu’ vaccination protocol
Feline herpesvirus type 1 (FHV1)
Feline calicivirus (FCV)
Primary course
* 1st vaccine at 8 weeks
* 2nd vaccine at 12 weeks
Boosters annually
