Uworld Set 4 Flashcards
glomerulonephritis showing erythrocyte casts proteinuria hypertension following sunburn with significantly low complement
SLE
what is the cause for CNS findings associated with SLE
vasculitis
fever rash eosinophilia with blood cell casts and eosinophiluria
drug induced interstitial nephritis
ear nose throat and pulmonary vasculitis
granulomatosis with polyangiitis
pruritus fatigue hepatomegaly elevated serum bilirubin positive antimitochondrial antibody
primary biliary cholangitis
three main testable complications of Primary biliary cholangitis
nutritional deficiency
hepatocellular carcinoma
osteomalacia
why is ascending cholangitis NOT associated with primary biliary chalangitis
it is an intrahepatic destruction of bile ducts not extrahepatic
what is the difference between primary biliary cholangitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis
PBC is only intrahepatic
PSC is both intra and extra
PSC is associated with inflammatory bowel disease and colonic cancer
PBC is associated with antimitochondrial antibodies and hepatocellular carcinoma
nausea and vomiting
pneumobilia
hyperactive bowel sounds
dilated loops of bowels
gallstone ileus
hypercapneic patients with poor mental status
hemodynamic instability
profound acidemia
intubation
how long should NPPV be trialed in acute exacerbation of COPD patients prior to intubation
2 hours
pertinent history for patients with absence seizures
prior febrile seizures
family history of seizure disorder
absence seizure patients are at increased risk for
ADHD
what tumors are seen in association with tuberous sclerosis
cardiac rhabdomyosarcoma
renal angiomyolipoma
intermittent muscle weakness triggered by strong emotions
cataplexy
optic gliomas associated with what disorder
neurofibromatosis type I
low B cell counts are a feature of
X linked bruton agammaglobulinemia
CGD patients would see recurrent infections with what two commonly tested bugs
staph aureus
aspergillus
lab values that are crucial in diagnosis of splenic sequestration in a sickle cell patient
normocytic anemia
high retic count
low hgb/hct
low platelets
reticulocyte count very low, platelets normal in a sickle cell patient following viral illness
parvovirus B19
sickle cell aplastic crisis
thymoma found in what part of the mediastinum
anterior
retrosternal thyroid teratoma and lymphoma
anterior mediastinum
all neurogenic tumors are located in what portion of the mediastinum
posterior
bronchogenic cysts are in what portion of the mediastinum
middle
thymoma associated with what disease
myasthenia gravis
treatment for stable ectopic pregnancy
methotrexate
what are the three most common secondary causes of digital clubbing
occult lung malignancy
CF
right to left shunting
megakaryocytes releasing PDGF and VEGF in the fingers can lead to
digital clubbing
digital clubbing in individuals with COPD should prompt a search for
occult malignancy
basal ganglia or putamenal hemorrhage usually 2/2
hypertension
what are the arteries that are implicated in hypertensive intraparenchymal bleeds AKA charcot bouchard aneurysms
lenitculostriate arteries
most common cause of spontaneous lobar/cortical hemorrhager (occipital, parietal)
cerebral amyloid angiopathy
MCC for intraparenchymal brain hemorrhage in children
AVM
MCC for subarachnoid hemorrhage in adults
berry aneurysm rupture
black box warning associated with propylthiouracil in treatment of hypertension
liver injury
most serious side effect of anti thyroid drugs
agranulocytosis
which treatment for hyperthyroidism can worsen ophthalmopathy seen in graves’ disease
radioactive iodine therapy
injury to shoulder in which there is decreased passive and active motion
adhesive capsulitis
condition of thumb injury in new mothers that hold their babies outstretched with thumbs upright
de quervain tenosynovitis
pain with radial flexion of the wrist and point tenderness over the trapezium
flexor carpi radialis tenosynovitis
should be considered for patients with an MS who do not respond to corticosteroids
plasmapharesis
muscle relaxant used to calm spasms in MS
baclofen
merdication commonly tested that decreases recurrence of MS used in chronic maintenance therapy
interferon Beta
medial knee pain and focal tenderness without trauma
pes anserinus pain syndrome
valgus stress test illiciting pain indicates
medial collateral ligament
what is the mechanism by which shock occurs in severe acute pancreatitis
release of inflammatory markers by the pancreas leads to vasodilation and increased capillary permeability leading to massive fluid extravasation into the space surrounding the pancreas
inferior and posterior wall MI
artery most likely involved
right coroanry
most likely artery involved in inferior wall MI
RCA
what is the reason for heart block accompanying RCA MI
damage to the AV node
patients that are high risk for toxic megacolon
IBD
drugs preferred for IBD associated toxic megacolon
corticosteroids
toxic megacolon in HIV patient
CMV
if diagnosis of pancreatitis is still unclear after lab testing
CT
3 main situations in which ERCP can be utilized
biliary pancreatitis (can decrease morbidity and mortality) chronic recurrent pancreatitis draining pancreatic pseudocysts
medication used specifically for aspergillosis
voriconizole
treatment for a mother with HIV and viral load greater than 1000 at the time of delivery
c section and zidovudine
drug administered to baby for 6 weeks following birth to HIV mother
zidovudine
expansion of CGG repeats
fragile X
fragile X syndrome has aspects of what two disorders
ADHD
autism
aractnodactyly most commonly found in
marfans
common syndromic cause of gynecomastia in males
klinefelters
hemihyperplasia associated with
beckwith wiedemann
macroglossia
omphalocele
hypoerinsulinism
beckwith weidemann
obesity in the setting of intellectual disability in children
prader willi
thin vermillion border
palpable fissures
thin philtrum
fetal alcohol syndrome
stroke in a kid
SCD
confirmation of stroke in a kid with SCD
MRI
