Uworld Set 3 Flashcards
what are the 4 main causes of diarrhea in an HIV patient
cryptosporidium
mycobacterium avium complex
microsporidia
giardia
elevated ratio of alpha TSH subunit to beta suggests
pituitary adenoma
patient with known pituitary adenoma that has sudden acute headache visual field defects and decreased visual acuity
pituitary apoplexy
screening tool for ovarian mass in a postmenopausal patient
CA-125
why is needle aspiration of adnexal masses not recommended in postmenopausal patients
potential seeding of tumor cells
dilated gas filled loops of bowel with no transition point nausea vomiting abdominal distension failure to pass flatus or stool hypoactive or absent bowel sounds
paralytic ileus
distended stomach with succession splash
gastric outlet obstruction
common obstruction sdecondary to abdominal surgery but can be seen in retroperitoneal abdominal hemorrhage or inflammation intestinal ischemia and electrolyte abnormalities
paralytic ileus
precocious puberty
cafe au lait spots
multiple bone defects
McCune Albright syndrome
protein affected in mcCune Albright syndrome
G-protein cAMP kinase
cafe au lait spots with regular borders
axillary and genital freckles
von recklinhausen syndrome (NF1)
gastrointestinal tract polyposis and mucocutaneous pigmentation
peutz jeghers syndrome
sporadic phakomatosis characterized by mental retardation seizures visual impairment and port wine stain over trigeminal nerve
sturge weber
T/F McCune albright syndrome is associated with hjypercortisolism
T
two bugs testable in acute lymphadenitis
staph and strep
drug of choice for acute lymphadenitis
clinda
acute bilateral lymphadenitis
adenovirus (other URI bugs)
subacute unilateral lymphadenitis
non-TB mycobacterium (MAC)
acute LAD in the setting of poor dentition and caries
prevotella sp
LOW CO and BP in the context of increased PCWP
cardiogenic shock
elevated SVR in combination with normal BP CO and PCWP
compensated shock
premature adrenarche pubarche severe cystic acne accelerated linear growth and advanced bone age
non classic CAH (21-hydroxylase deficiency)
gonadotropin dependent precocious puberty with unilaterally enlarged testicle
leydig cell tumor
marfans patient with acute onset chest pain radiating to the neck from anterior chest
aortic dissection (OR MI but in this patient population think dissection)
what is the murmur associated with marfans patient showing symptoms of aortic dissection
aortic regurgitation
upper limb defects such as deformities of the radius carpal bones and artial septal defect
Holt Oram syndrome
smooth circular areas of hair loss without scaling
alopecia areata
well demarcated inflammatory plaque scrring and alopecia
discoid lupus erythematosus
pressure induced alopecia can occur after
surgery
seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp is commonly referred to as
dandruff
two female specific carcinomas seen with lynch syndrome
ovarian and endometrial
clear cell renal carcinoma and pheochromocytoma are typically tested as a part of what syndromic cause
von hippel lindau
inheritance pattern of MEN disorders
autosomal dominant
normal A-a gradient
<15
patient with breast tenderness, ovarian mass and thickened endometrial strip on pelvic US with postmenopausal bleeding
likely source
next step
granulosa cell tumor endometrial biopsy (need to rule out concurrent endometrial malignancy)
pulmonary issues 2 weeks following initiation of a new antiarrhythmic
amiodarone induced interstitial pneumonitis
aggressive behavior
virilization (male pattern baldness deepening voice clitoromegaly)
hypertension
exogenous steroid use (or CAH)
nodulocystic acne
obesity
enlarged ovaries on exam
signs of insulin resistance
PCOS
what happens to the following in tumor lysis syndrome: uric acid K phos Ca
+
+
+
-
why is the calcium low in tumor lysis syndrome
phosphate binds to the calcium
two treatments for tumor lysis syndrome
allopurinol
IV fluid
patient with SLE on prednisone with atraumatic hip pain with normal x ray findings
avascular necrosis of the femoral head
test of choice in a patient with suspected osteonecrosis of the hip
MRI
sudden vasomotor crash and skin hyperpigmentation in a young patient with disseminated meningococcal infection
waterhouse friedrickson syndrome
acute epidydymitis age <35
gonorrhea
chlamydial
acute epidydymitis age >35
e coli
fever malaise myalgias followed by parotitis
mumps
thrombocytopenia renal damage confusion/AMS fever MAHA
TTP (CLASSSSSIC pentad)
what is the treatment for TTP
plasmaphoresis
what is the crucial last step in dx of TTp
peripheral blood smear
eczema
regurgitation or vomiting
painless bloody stools in an infant
milk protein allergy
