Uworld 4

Question 1

cromlyn MOA

Answer 1

inhibits mast cell degranulation

Question 2

lots of candida means

Answer 2

likely HIV

goes with EBV and EBV lymphomas

Question 3

metyropone

Answer 3

blocks cortisol synthesis

to test HPA axis

Question 4

renal cell carcinoma goes with what genetic disease

Answer 4

VHL
chromosome 3p
autosomal dominant

Question 5

homocysteinuria

Answer 5

looks like marfans
give pyridoxine (B6)
autosomal recessive
lack of cystathionine beta-synthase

Question 6

ischemic stroke microscopic timeline

Answer 6

12-24 hrs “red neurons,” eosinophilic, loss of Nissl
24-72 hrs neutrophil infiltration
3-7 days macrophages
1-2 weeks reactive gliosis, vascular prolif
> 2 weeks glial scar

Question 7

SVC syndrome vs brachiocephalic

Answer 7

SVC- both sides

brachiocephalic- one side

Question 8

ang II does what

Answer 8

systemic vasocontriction
increased efferent arteriole constriction
enhanced aldosterone secrtion.

Inhibit it? –> decreased resistance (systemic and efferent) and decreased GFR

Question 9

check phospholipids in preggo why?

Answer 9

surfactant

Question 10

fidoxomicin

Answer 10

macrocytic abx
vs sigma of RNA polymerase
use for C. diff

Question 11

CO–>

Answer 11

increased carboxyhemoglobin
NOT methemoglobin (drugs, nitrites, enzyme defish)

Question 12

genetic suceptibility to TB

Answer 12

IFN gamma deiciency

Question 13

Severity: ODD, conduct disorder

Answer 13

ODD is not as bad

conduct disorder- violate the rights of others

Question 14

ureters are anterior to

Answer 14

internal iliac artery

Question 15

Rx ventricular arrhythmias

Answer 15

1. amiodarone

2. lidocaine- preferentially binds rapidly depolarizing and ischemic ventricular fibers

Question 16

mitochondrial myopathy

Answer 16

ragged red fibers
neuropathy, seizures
mitochondrial inheritance

Question 17

niacin compensatory pathway uses what?

Answer 17

tryptophan

Question 18

heart disease associatd pulmonatry HTN pathogenesis

Answer 18

pulmonary venous congestion

Question 19

epilepsy med vs voltage gated Ca+ channels –>

Answer 19

affects fusion and release of neurotransmitter vesicles

Question 20

What does IL-2 do?

Answer 20

proliferation and differentiation of helper T cells
stimulation of B cell division
activation of monocytes and natural killer cells
growth and INF gamma secretion of T cells

Question 21

AchE in amniotic fluid

Answer 21

just like AFP– neural tube defects

Question 22

Gq series of events

Answer 22

GDP swap for GTP
Phospholipase C
PIP2 --> DAG and IP3
increased protein kinase C
increased Ca 2+

Question 23

fluid filled cavity in liver and fever

Answer 23

underdeveloped country- parasite

developed- bacterial; likely staph by hematogenous spread

Question 24

hemiballism

Answer 24

wild involuntary flinging of prox limbs on 1 side of body

damage to subthalamic nucleus

Question 25

vasopressin causes decreased clearance of what

Answer 25

urea to concentrate in medulla

Question 26

oseltamivir MOA

Answer 26

inhibit virion particle release

Question 27

Wiskott Aldrich

Answer 27

excema, thrombocytopenia, infections
X-linked
bone marrow transplant

Question 28

folate defish can be made up for with

Answer 28

thymidine (formation of dTMP)

Question 29

aPTT vs PT

Answer 29

PT- extrinsic pathway, factor VII

aPTT- intrinsic pathway, factors XII, XI, IX, VIII

Question 30

Rx absence seizures

Answer 30

ethosuximmide, or valproate

Question 31

what makes elastin rubbery?

Answer 31

lysine crosslinks

Question 32

insulin receptors

Answer 32

tyrosine kinase

Phosphatase

Question 33

orotic aciduria

Answer 33

megaloblastic anemia

supplement with uridine

Question 34

how do trycyclic ADs cause death?

Answer 34

inhibit fast Na+ channels –> cardiac arrhythmia

Question 35

what do neurophysins do?

Answer 35

carry oxytocin and vasopressin

Question 36

what process –> menstrual bleeding?

Answer 36

apoptosis

Question 37

lots of raw egg whites–>

Answer 37

biotin deficiency
derm changes
decreased pyruvate carboxylase (pyruvate to oxaloacetate for gluconeogenesis)

Question 38

parvovirus replicates where?

Answer 38

erythrocyte precursors in bone marrow

Question 39

turner syndrome heart defect

Answer 39

bicuspid aortic valve

Question 40

gonadal arteries arise from

Answer 40

abdominal aorta

Question 41

tubular osmolarity in the absence of ADH is highest where?

Answer 41

bottom of the loop of henle