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Mixed > UW 9 > Flashcards

UW 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Rhabdomyolysis effect on kidney

A

Acute renal failure

Excessive filtered myoglobin when CPK > 20,000 causes acute tubular necrosis

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2
Q

Workup for BAT

Hemodynamically unstable

A

Bedside US or FAST

- if inconclusive, do DPL

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3
Q

When do we do DPL

A

IF FAST is inconclusive

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4
Q

BAT for hemodynamically unstable patient and Negative FAST exam - next step?

A

Look for sings of extraabdominal hemorrahge

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5
Q

Presentation of Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria

A

Fatigue (Hemolysis)
Cytopenias - fatigue and dyspnea from anemia
Venous thrombosis

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6
Q

What are labs for intravascular hemolysis?

A

Anemia
Low haptoglobin
High BR
High LDH

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7
Q

Presentation of Acute Intermittent Porphyria

A

Abdominal pain

Dark red/brown urine

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8
Q

Renal abnormality in Diabetic patients - earliest change

A

Glomerular hyperfiltration

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9
Q

First quantifiable change in diabetic renal dz
2nd
Later finding

A

Thickening of glomerular basement membrane
Next - mesangial expansion
Nodular sclerosis later

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10
Q

Mutation in neurofibromatosis - severe variant

A

Nonsense (and frameshift) = more severe than missense

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11
Q

When do we see Low DLCO

A 
Emphysema - obstructive
Interstitial Lung dz - Restrictive
Sarcoidosis - R
Asbestosis - R
Heart Failure - R
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12
Q

When do we see normal DLCO

A

Chronic bronchitis - O
Msuculoskeletal deformity - R
Neuromuscular - R

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13
Q

When do we see increased DLCO

A

Asthma - O

Morbid Obesity - R

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14
Q

Tx for V fib

A

Defibrillation

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15
Q

Tx for pulseless V tach

A

Defibrillation

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16
Q

Serum C3 complement level in Post-strep GN

A

Low

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17
Q

Complement level in Membranoproliferative GN

A

Low

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18
Q

Severe LLQ abdominal pain radiating to groin + vomiting is what
Workup

A

Obstructive ureterolithiasis

Noncontrast spiral CT of abdomen and pelvis

19
Q

What is Acute dystonia and TX

A

EPS sx’s: muscle spasm, stiffness, torticollis, lip smacking
Benztropine
Diphenhydramine

20
Q

Tx for Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome

A

Dantrolene

21
Q

Presentation of NMS

A

High very
Muscle rigidity
Rhabdomyolysis

22
Q

What is akathisia and what is the tx

A

Feeling of restlessness/inability to sit still

Tx: Beta blokers

23
Q

What heme change is seen in Chronic Renal Failure

A

Abnormal hemostasis - Platelet dysfunction that causes increased BT
Uremic toxins involved
TX: DDAVP

24
Q

Loss of peripheral vision - gradual + cupping of optic disc + Increased IOP

A

Primary open angle glaucoma

25
Q

Tx for primary open angle glaucoma

A

Timolol

Laber trabeculoplasty

26
Q

Non proliferative diabetic retionopathy presentation

A 
Dilated veins
Microaneurysms
Retinal hemorrhages 
Edema
Hard exudates
27
Q

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy presentation

A

Neovascularization
Poor night vision
Curtain falling = vitreous bleed
floaters

28
Q

Presentation of angle closure glaucoma

A

Sudden onset blurred vision, severe eye pain
N/V
Red eye w hazy cornea
Fixed, dilated pupil

29
Q

Loss of central vision

A

Macular degeneration

30
Q

What is the MOA of dipyridamole and adenosine

A

Coronary Vasodilators = increase blood flow 3-5x above baseline

31
Q

What electrolyte abnormalities are seen with pts undergoing major surgery requiring extensive transfusions

A

Hypocalcemia = hyperactive DTRs

Other sx’s muscle cramps, convulsions

32
Q

Galactosemia Presentation

A 
FTT
BL cataracts
Jaundice
Hypoglycemia
Deficiency of galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase deficiency
33
Q

Presentation of galactokinase deficiency

A

Cataracts only

34
Q

What is the relation b/t PPV and Prevalence

A

The more common the disease (prevalent), the greater the probability that a patient from that population with have a true positive result

35
Q

Workup for secondary amenorrhea w no sx’s or findings

A
  1. B-HCG
  2. PRL to r/o prolactinoma
    TSH to r/o primary hypothyroid
  3. If normal, serum FSH and LH
36
Q

Astrocytomas

A

MC pediatric tumor

37
Q

Medulloblastoma

Location

A

2nd MC pediatric tumor

Location: posterior fossa, 90% from vermis

38
Q

Exudative pleural effusion causes

A

Infxn
AI
Neoplasm

39
Q

Pathophysiology of exudative pleural effusion

A

Increased capillary permeability allows protein and LDH to pass into pleural fluid

40
Q

Causes of transudative pleural effusions

A

Decreased plasma oncotic - liver failure

Elevated hydrostatic pressure - CHF

41
Q

Molluscum contagiosum Presentation

A

Single or multiple
Rounded
Dome-shaped papules
Central umbilication

42
Q

Cause of molluscum contagiosum

A

Poxvirus
STD
Common in AIDS CD4<100

43
Q

Lichen planus presentation

A

Inflammatory
Pruritic
Violaceous
Flat topped papules

Mixed (19 decks)

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