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Most forgotten Flashcards

1
Q

ARDS findings?

A

Decreased compliance
Impaired gas exchange
Increased PA pressure
Decreased PaO2 -> increased requirement of FiO2 - so decreased ratio of PaO2/FiO2 = < 300 mmHg

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2
Q

What is PaO2/FiO2 in hypoxemia?

A

Decreased, < 300 mmHg

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3
Q

A-a gradient in ARDS?

A

Increased due to shunting

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4
Q

Tamoxifen AE?

A

Increased risk of endometrial cancer

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5
Q

Ethylene glycol toxicity presentation?

A

Mimics alcohol toxicity
Oxalic acid binds to calcium -> Hypocalcemia and calcium oxalate crystals in kidneys -> metabolic acidosis (AG)
Profound w/ HCO3 <8
Glycolic acid damages renal tubules

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6
Q

Ethylene glycol pathophysiology?

A

Alcohol Dehydrogenase metabolizes ethylene glycol -> glycolic acid and oxalic acid

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7
Q

Methanol or ethylene glycol for visual toxicity?

A

Methanol

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8
Q

Profound AG Metabolic Acidosis (HCO3 <8)

A

DKA

Ethylene glycol toxicity

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9
Q

Tx for ethylene glycol toxicity?

A

Fomepizole
Sodium bicarbonate for acidosis
Hemodialysis

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10
Q

Abdominal pain, tenderness, peritoneal signs?

A

Blunt abdominal trauma

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11
Q

Hemodynamically unstable pt w/suspected BAT?

A
  1. IVF
  2. Asses for intraperitoneal fluid - - Bedside US or FAST (includes pericardium
    - DPL if FAST is limited
  3. If + findings = Exploratory Laparotmy
    If - findings = further w/u w/ CT
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12
Q

Differentiate b/t OCD and OCD PD?

A

OCD - ego-dystonic beliefs, uncomfortable and distressed about sx’s
- obsessions that increase anxiety and compulsions that alleviate anxiety
OCD PD - Ego-syntonic; Impairment from perfectionism, intense concerns about time, need to complete tasks meticulously

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13
Q

Right hand clumsiness?

A

Ulnar N syndrome
Entrapment below elbow - medial epicondylar groove
Decreased sensations over 4th and 5th digits
Weak grip - interosseous muscles

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14
Q

Otosclerosis

A

Conductive hearing loss: BC>AC
Weber: Lateralization to affected ear
Causes: cerumen impaction, Middle ear fluid/infxn, bony tumors
20’s and 30’s

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15
Q

Drug avoided in acute glaucoma and why?

A

Atropine

Mydriasis worsens b/c dilates pupil

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16
Q

Severe pain w/defecation and BRBPR?

A

Anal fissure

17
Q

Tx for anal fissure?

A

High fiber diet
Local anesthetic
Stool softner

18
Q

What workup is necessary for alcoholic cirrhosis?

A

Compensated

  • US for HCC +/- AFP every 6 months
  • EDG for esophageal varices
19
Q

What does PEEP do

A

Prevents alveolar collapse

20
Q

Two ways to improve oxygenation

A

Increase FiO2

Add PEEP

21
Q

Ideal FiO2 level on mechanical ventilation

A

Below 40%

22
Q

Nitrates effect on
Preload
LVEDV
Myocardial O2 demand

A

Reduces Preload
Reduces LVEDV
Reduces Myocardial O2 demand

Mixed (19 decks)

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