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Mixed > Forget me not > Flashcards

Forget me not Flashcards

1
Q

When do we see positive Coombs?

A

Warm AIHA

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2
Q

Drugs that prolong QT?

A 
Erythromycin
Antihistamines
Anticholinergics
Antiarrthmics - Quinidine, Sotalol
TCAs
Fluroquinolones
Chloroquine, Mefloquine, Haloperidol, Risperidone, Methadone, and HIV protease Inhibitors.
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3
Q

Indications for C section

A 
Cephalopelvic disproportion
Fetal Malpresentation
Nonreassuring EFM strip
Placenta previa
Infxn - HIV or Active vaginal herpes
Uterine scar
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4
Q

OCD first line TX

A

SSRI

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5
Q

When do we do Endoscopy?

A

Alarm sx’s: Wt loss, blood in stool, anemia

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6
Q

When do we hear succussion splash on abdominal auscultation?

A 
Gas and fluid in obstructed organ
Gastric Outlet syndrome
Diaphragmatic Hernia 
Bronchopleural fistula
Pyloric stenosis
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7
Q

What do we see in Cushing’s syndrome

A 
Central Obesity
Fat accumulation in cheeks, dorsocervical (hump behind neck), supraclavicular fat pads
Purple striae
Thinned skin
Proximal muscle weakness
HTN
Glucose intolerance
Skin hyperpigmentation (ACTH excess) 
HypoKalemia
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8
Q

Dx for Cushing’s?

A

24 hour cortisol excretion
Late evening salivary cortisol
Low dose dexamethasone suppression test

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9
Q

Acid base disturbance seen in Cushing syndrome?

A

Metabolic Alkalosis

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10
Q

Is osteoid osteoma benign or malignant?

A

Benign

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11
Q

Describe presentation of osteoid osteoma

A 
Limb pain worse at night
Responds to NSAIDs
Unilateral pain
Second decade of life
Limp and point tenderness
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12
Q

Age for growing pains?

A

2-12 years

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13
Q

What does stridor sound like and what is pathophysiology?

A

Squeaky, whistlelike sound

Turbulence b/t supraglottis and trachea

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14
Q

Breath sounds in narrowing/congestion of bronchioles

A

Rales
Rhonchi
Wheezing

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15
Q

Causes of pediatric stridor?

A 
Croup
Foreign body aspiration 
Anatomic abnormalities
- Laryngomalacia
- Vascular ring
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16
Q

MCC of inspiratory stridor in kids?

A

Laryngomalacia

- increased laxity of supraglottic structures

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17
Q

Inspiratory stridor worse w supine position, crying or feeding, Improves in prone position, 4-8 months?

A

Laryngomalacia

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18
Q

Dx for laryngomalacia

A

flexible laryngoscopy - collapse of supraglottic structures w/inspiration and omega shaped epiglottis

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19
Q

When do we do CT neck in peds?

A

Retropharyngeal abscess

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20
Q

Tx for laryngomalacia?

A

Self resolves by 18 months

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21
Q

How is overexpression of HER2 assessed?

A 
Oncogene amplification by FISH
Immunohistochemical staining (IHC)
22
Q

Why is HER2 assessment imp in breast cancer?

A

Tx with trastumab = Herceptin

  • Targets HER2/neu
  • Adjuvant anthracycline tx (doxarubicin, danarubicin)
23
Q

JAK2 mutation ass’d with?

A

Polycythemia vera

24
Q

How does late coarctation of aorta present?

A

Asymptomatic HTN
Chest pain, claudication, HA, Epistaxis, HF
Severe - Aortic dissection

25
Q

EKG of late coarctation of aorta?

A

LVH
Increased voltage QRS
ST and T wave changes in precordial leads

26
Q

Exam of late coarctation of aorta?

A

Brachial - femoral pulse delay
- BL arm and leg BP measurements
UE HTN and LE HypoTN

27
Q

CXR of adult coarctation of aorta?

A

Ribbed notching 3rd - 8th ribs b/c of erosion of large intercostal arteries
“3” sign

28
Q

Precordial leads?

A

Measure in horizontal plane
Anterior: V1-V4
Left Lateral: V5,V6

29
Q

Vaccines CI in pregnant and immunocompromised?

A 
Live attenuated
VZV (VZIG for these individuals) 
MMR (can be given in HIV if certain criteria met)
Intranasal Influenza
Oral Polio
Yellow Fever 
BCG
Anthrax
Oral Typhoid
Small pox
30
Q

When do we see situational syncope?

A

Micturition - straining
Coughing fits
Autonomic dysregulation

31
Q

MCC peripheral solitary lung nodule?

A

Adenocarcinoma

32
Q

Peripheral lung cancers?

A

Adenocarcinoma

Large cell

33
Q

Lung cancer ass’d with galactorrhea and gynecomastia?

A

Large cell cancer

34
Q

Herpetic whitlow presentation?

A

Women w/genital herpes, Children with gingivostomatitis, Healthcare worker
Throbbing pain in distal pulp space - swollen, tender
non purulent vesicle on volar surface

35
Q

Presentation of Idiopathic Intracranial HTN

A

Holocranial HA
Visual Changes - blurry vision, diplopia, papilledema, pulsatile tinnitus
Young obese women

36
Q

Management of IIH

A

Ocular exam
Neuroimagine - MRI
If empty sella -> LP

37
Q

Most reliable indicator of metabolic recovery in DKA pts

A

Serum AG

Arterial pH

38
Q

DVT TX

A

Heparin

Warfarin

39
Q

Chronic or preexisting HTN in pregnancy

A

> 140/90 before 20 weeks
OR
beyond 12 weeks postpartum

40
Q

MC risk factor for placenta abruptio

A

HTN

41
Q

DX for Turner syndrome

A

Karyotype

42
Q

Aplastic crisis in sickle cell presentation and TX

A

Transient arrest of erythropoiesis
Severe drop in Hgb
Virtual absence of reticulocytes on PS < 1%
TX: blood transfusion

43
Q

Presentation of vasoocclusive crisis

A

Acute onset pain
Vasoocclusion b/c of sickling of cells
Caused by change in weather, Infxn, dehydration

44
Q

Sickle cell pt - dramatic drop in hemoglobin and no change in reticulocytes

A

Splenic Sequestration

45
Q

Presentation of splenic sequestration

A

Rapidly enlarging spleen

46
Q

Presentation of severe pancreatitis

A

Fever, Tachycardia, HypoTN
Dyspnea, tachypnea, basilar crackles, abdominal tenderness/distension
Cullen sign=periumbilical
Grey Turner sign=flank

47
Q

Risk factors for acute pancreatitis progressing to severe

A 
Age > 75
Alcoholism 
Obesity
CRP > 150 mg/dL at 48 hrs
Increased BUN/Cr in first 48 hrs
48
Q

Pathophys of severe pancreatitis

A

Local release of activated pancreatic enzymes = enter vascular system, increase vascular permeability - > fluid migrate to retroperitoneum
Widespread vasodilation, shock, capillary leak

49
Q

TX for severe pancreatitis

A

Several liters of IVF for lost intravascular volume

50
Q

How long does it take for pseudocyst to form after acute pancreatitis

A

3-4 weeks

Mixed (19 decks)

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