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PhyMod > UVR > Flashcards

UVR Flashcards

1
Q

bands of UVR

A

UVA,B,C

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2
Q

among three bands of UVR which has the longest wavelength

A

UVA

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3
Q

UVA wavelength

A

320-400 nm

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4
Q

UVB wavelength

A

290-320 nm

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5
Q

UVC wavelength

A

<100-290 nm

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6
Q

other name for UVA, B and C

A

A: long wave; near
B: middle wave
C: short wave, far

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7
Q

Frequency: ranges from

A

1.65 x1015 to 7.5 x 1014

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8
Q

Wavelength: shorter than –, longer than –

A

visible, x-ray

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9
Q

use of UVA

A

blacklight

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10
Q

use of UVB

A

skin erythema; sunburn

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11
Q

UVC use

A

germicidal and bacterial purposes

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12
Q

Method of transmission:

A

radiation via phototherapy
UV is not visible to us but we can feel it
Photochemical effect

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13
Q

Possibilities:

A

Reflected, refracted, absorbed
Absorbed within 1-2mm (0.22) mm of human skin
80-90% absorbed in the dermis

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14
Q

UV produces heat?

A

no

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15
Q

UV is both –ing and –ing

A

UV is both ionizing and non-ionizing

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16
Q

what can happen if wrong dosage is applied

A

Cutaneous malignant melanoma
Basal cell carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma

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17
Q

Factors affecting penetration

A 
Intensity => directly related
Wavelength => directly related
Power of radiation source => direct
Exposure duration => direct
Distance of radiation => inverse
Frequency => inverse
Size => inverse
Thickness => inverse
Pigmentation of skin => inverse
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18
Q

equipment

A

Mercury arc

Fluorescent

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19
Q

Mercury arc lamps:

A 
Small
Emit radiation at constant intensity
Used for smaller areas
Types:
Hot quartz
Cold quartz
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20
Q

Fluorescent lamps

A

Long
Emit higher-intensity radiation
Used for larger areas
Low pressure mercury discharge tubes with phosphor coating inside (theraktin)

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21
Q

hot quartz

A

burner w argon gas and mercury

high pressure and temp

c erythema and pigmentation

applied >15 inches form area

no need for warm up

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22
Q

cold quarts

A

cold quartz with mercury (ionized vapor)

dec pressure and temp

minimal erythema and no pigmentation

applied at close proximity

needs 5 min warm up

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23
Q

physiological effects

A 
erythema production
delayed pigmentation of skin
thickening of superficial layer of skin
vit d synthesis
bactericidal effect
24
Q

Erythema production

A

Vasodilation of vessels
Happens because of histamine and prostaglandin release
Exposure to UVB or UVA after drug sensitization
Practical application: proper dosage

25
Q

Delayed pigmentation of skin

A

Production and upward migration of melanin
Oxidation of pre melanin
Tanning = less penetration
Practical app: examine skin phototype of patients

26
Q

Thickening of superficial layer of skin

A

Thickening of epidermis due to cell proliferation
72 hrs after exposure to UVR
Practical app: progressive higher dose for thicker skin

27
Q

Vitamin D synthesis

A

Converts inactive provitamin D to become active vit D
Activates inactive vit D
Effective treatment for psoriasis
Practical application: for psoriasis

28
Q

Bactericidal effect

A

UVC = bactericidal affect
Promotes wound healing
Desquamation => slough off dead skin cells
Practical app: bactericidal effect in open wounds

29
Q

irradiance (I)

A

intensity or power density

measured by uv sensor on device

mw/cm2

30
Q

dose per treatment time (Dt) =

A

I X T

31
Q

cumulative dose (Dc) =

A

sum of all Dt

32
Q

Bunsen-roscoe law/reciprocity law

A

inverse relationship of irradiance and exposure time

33
Q

method based on skin color

A

fitzpatrick skin phototype method

34
Q

type 1

A

lighter white

burns easily and never tans

BBUVB initial: 20
BBUVB progression: 5

NBUVB initial: 130
NBUVB progression: 15

35
Q

type 2

A

darker white

burns easily tans minimally

BBUVB initial: 25
BBUVB progression: 10

NBUVB initial: 220
NBUVB progression: 25

36
Q

type 3

A

light brown

burns moderately; tans gradually

BBUVB initial: 30
BBUVB progression: 15

NBUVB initial: 260
NBUVB progression: 40

37
Q

type 4

A

moderate brown

burns minimally; tans well

BBUVB initial: 40
BBUVB progression: 20

NBUVB initial: 330
NBUVB progression: 45

38
Q

type 5

A

dark brown

burns rarely; tans profusely

BBUVB initial: 50
BBUVB progression: 25

NBUVB initial: 350
NBUVB progression: 60

39
Q

type 6

A

black

never burns; intense tanning

BBUVB initial: 60
BBUVB progression: 30

NBUVB initial: 400
NBUVB progression: 65

40
Q

frequency of fitzpatrick phototype method

A

3-5x/week

41
Q

minimal erythemal dose method levels

A 
suberythemal
minimal erythemal
first degree
second degree
third degree
42
Q

SED

A

no erythema

progression: 12.5%
frequency: daily
BSA: 100%

43
Q

MED

A 
latency period: 6-12 hrs
appearance: mild pink
duration: <24 hrs
dose: 1
progression: 25%
frequency: daily; every other day 
BSA: 50-100%
44
Q

E1

A 
latency period: 6 hrs
appearance: definite pink; blanching
duration: 2 days
discomfort: slight soreness
desquamation: powdery
dose: 2.5
progression: 50%
frequency: every other day 
BSA: <20%
45
Q

E2

A 
latency period: 3 hrs
appearance: very red; not blanching
duration: 3-5 days
edema: some
discomfort: hot and painful
desquamation: thin sheets
dose: 5
progression: 75%
frequency: 2x/week
BSA: 4%
46
Q

E3

A 
latency period: <2 hrs
appearance: angry red
duration: 7 days
edema: blister
discomfort: very painful
desquamation: thick sheets
dose: 10
progression: NA
frequency: 1x/week
BSA: <25 cm2
47
Q

contraindications

A 
Over eyes
Skin cancer
Pulmonary tuberculosis
Cardiac kidney liver disease
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Fever
Taking birth control pills
48
Q

Precautions

A 
Photosensitivity or photo allergy
Determine what type of allergic reaction
Itchy, stop treatment
Photosensitizing medications
Psoralen: good agent
Sulphonamides and tetracyclines - antibiotic
Griseofulvin - antifungal
Phenothiazine - tranquilizer
Chlorothiazide - diuretic
Recent x-ray
No dose of UV should be done until effects of previous treatment have disappeared (3-6 months)
49
Q

adverse effects

A 
Burn effects
Premature aging of skin (actinic damage)
Carcinogenesis
UV overdose
Counteracted with IRR for 20 mins every hour for 6-8 hours
50
Q

documentation

A

date, lamp used, distance, exact area, position, time, reaction obtained

51
Q

subacute and chronic psoriasis

A 
Decreases DNA synthesis
Lower proliferation of cells
Narrow-band UVB
MED or E1
Also for vitiligo
PUVA (psoralen + UVA)
Usually E1 is used
E2 for heels and elbows
52
Q

Cystic acne/acne vulgaris

A

E1 for face, neck, chest

E2 for back and shoulders

53
Q

PUVA is used for

A

Eczema
Urticaria
Cutaneous t cell lymphoma
Photosensitive disorders

54
Q

Non-infected wounds

A

Surgical incisions, ulcers
Use UVC (can still use UVB)
Granulation tissue (bright red color means healing well) => no treatment necessary
If insisted by doc or pt: suberythema or MED, no progression applied
Decubitus ulcers affecting epidermis/dermis
Can use E1/E2
E1 for initial treatment
Progress to E2 when pt reacts well
Surrounding skin
MED daily

55
Q

Infected wounds

A

Destroys and removes slough
Strengthen growth of granulation tissue
Thin yellowish slough => E2 daily and unprogressed
Definite green and yellow slough => E3 daily and unprogressed
Black slough => E3 daily
Reassess when black is gone
Surrounding skin => MED daily

PhyMod (12 decks)

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