UTS (PHILO - W3) "Self-According to Philosophical Perspectives" Flashcards
PHILOSOPHY
LOVE OF WISDOM
It is an activity people undertake
when they seek to understand
fundamental truths about
themselves, the world in which
they live, and their relationships to
the world and to each other.
PHILOSOPHY
He was the first philosopher who ever
engaged in a systematic questioning about
the self.
SOCRATES
SOCRATES SAID
The true task of a philosopher is to know
oneself.
He thought that this is the worst that can
happen to anyone:
TO LIVE BUT DIE INSIDE
EVERY MAN IS
DUALISTIC
DUALISTIC is
COMPOSED OF BODY AND SOUL
signifies the imperfect
and impermanent aspect of man
BODY
SOUL SIGNIFIES
OTHERWISE
said that there are three components of the
soul:
PLATO
3 COMPONENTS OF THE SOUL
RATIONAL SOUL
SPIRITED SOUL
APPETITIVE SOUL
RATIONAL SOUL
forged by reason and
intellect. It has to govern the affairs of the
human person.
SPIRITED SOUL
the one in charge of
emotions and should be kept at bay.
APPETITIVE SOUL
in charge of base desires
like eating, sleeping, drinking, and having sex.
It must be controlled as well.
When this ideal state is attained,
then the human
person’s soul becomes just and virtuous.
His view of the human person reflects
the entire spirit of the medieval world
when it comes to man.
ST. AUGUSTINE
He believed that an aspect of man
dwells in the world. It’s imperfect and
continuously yearns to be with the
Divine AND the other is capable of
reaching immortality.
ST. AUGUSTINE
The body is bound to die on earth
and the soul is to anticipate living
eternally in a realm of spiritual bliss in
communion with God.
ST. AUGUSTINE
Man is composed of two parts:
matter
and form.
refers to the communion stuff
that makes up everything in the
universe.
MATTER
refers to the essence of a
substance or thing.
FORM
The ____ is what animates the body. It
is what makes us _______.
SOUL, HUMANS
ACCORDING TO ________, MAN IS COMPOSED OF TWO PARTS.
THOMAS AQUINAS
ACCORDING TO ____________________________, Self is a combination of two distinct entities: COGITO AND EXTENZA
RENE DESCARTES
the thing that thinks (the
mind).
COGITO
the extension of the mind
(the body).
EXTENZA
The body is nothing else but a machine that
is attached to the mind. The human person
has it but it is not what makes a man a man.
RENE DESCARTES
cogito ergo sum
“I THINK THEREFORE, I AM”
knowledge can only be
possible if it is sensed and experienced.
Empiricism
The self is a bundle/ collection of different
perceptions, which succeed each other
with an inconceivable rapidity and are in a
perpetual flux and movement.
DAVID HUME
are the basic objects of our
experience or sensation. It forms the core
of our thoughts. It is the products of our
direct experience with the world.
IMPRESSIONS
are copies of impressions. It is not
as lively and vivid as impressions.
IDEAS
Without the ____, one cannot organize the
different impressions that one gets in
relation to his own existence.
SELF
Without the self, one cannot organize the
different impressions that one gets in
relation to his own existence.
IMMANUEL KANT
The self is an actively engaged
intelligence in man that synthesizes all
knowledge and experience.
IMMANUEL KANT
The self is not just what gives one his
personality but it is the seat of knowledge
acquisition for all human persons.
IMMANUEL KANT
What truly matters is the behavior that
a person manifests in his day-to-day
life.
GILBERT RYLE
The self is not an entity one can locate
and analyze but simply the convenient
name that people use to refer to all the
behaviors that people make.
GILBERT RYLE
The mind and body are so intertwined
that they cannot be separated from one
another.
MAURICE MERLEAU-PONTY
One cannot find any experience that is
not an embodied experience. All
experience is embodied. One’s body is
his opening toward his existence to the
world. Because of these bodies, men are
in the world.
MAURICE MERLEAU-PONTY
