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3RD YEAR - Infectious Diseases > UTI > Flashcards

UTI Flashcards

1
Q

Define UTI

A

The presence of a pure growth of >10^5 organisms per mL of fresh MSU (not necessarily symptomatic)

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2
Q

In what cases is a UTI defined as uncomplicated?

A

Normal renal tract

Normal function

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3
Q

In what cases is a UTI defined as complicated?

A 
Abnormal anatomy (strictures, fistulas, kidney stones)
Abnormal renal function (CKD, AKI)
Impaired host defences
Pregnancy
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4
Q

Name some risk factors for getting a UTI

A 
Female
Sexual intercourse
Pregnancy
Decreased defences
Renal tract abnormality
Stones
Catheter
Decreased bladder emptying
Older adults
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5
Q

Should you treat asymptomatic bacteria?

A

NO, unless pregnant or undergoing urology procedures

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6
Q

Name some signs of a UTI?

A

Fever, abdo tenderness, loin tenderness, foul-smelling urine, cloudy urine

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7
Q

Name some symptoms of urethritis/cystitis

A 
Increased frequency
Dysuria
Urgency
Haematuria
Suprapubic pain
Lower back ache
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8
Q

Name some symptoms of prostatitis

A

Flu-like symptoms
Lower back ache
FEW URINARY SYMPTOMS
Perineal pain

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9
Q

What route of admin for abx for prostatitis?

A

IV

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10
Q

Name some symptoms of pyelonephritis

A 
Upper UT symptoms
Fever (& other systemic symptoms)
Rigours
Vomiting
Loin pain and tenderness

+ oliguria if AKI

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11
Q

What is the most common organism causing UTI?

A

E. coli

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12
Q

What other organisms cause UTI?

A 
Proteus mirabilis
Staph. sapro
Klebsiella
Enterobacter
Enterococcus faecalis
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13
Q

What can proteus mirabilis predispose you to?

A

Stone formation

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14
Q

When doing a urine dipstick, what results would make you think it could be a UTI?

A

High nitrites and leucocytes

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15
Q

How is a UTI managed?

A
  1. Drink fluids
  2. Urinate often
  3. Trimethoprim/nitrofurantoin (uncomplicated - 3 days) (complicated - 7 days)
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16
Q

What are some complications of UTI?

A
  • AKI
  • Sepsis
  • Renal scarring
  • End-stage renal dysfunction
17
Q

Why should you never give nitrofurantoin to a patient with renal complications?

A

It is excreted in the urine so if renal function is impaired, the dosage needs to be adjusted accordingly

18
Q

What should you give a patient with comorbid UTI and chest infection?

A

Co-amoxiclav

19
Q

What are some risk factors for catheter associated UTI?

A 
Duration
Female
Older age
Diabetic
Bacteria in drainage bag
Poor catheter care
20
Q

Which organisms cause catheter associated UTI?

A

Largely the same as a normal UTI - additionally candida spp.

21
Q

How many days should a person with a catheter associated UTI be treated with abx for?

A
  • 7 days if symptoms resolve quickly
  • 10-14 days if severe
  • 3 days in women over 65 with no upper urinary tract symptoms

3RD YEAR - Infectious Diseases (16 decks)

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