Pathogens and Microbiology Flashcards
What is the pathogenicity factor of E.Coli?
Usually carries beta-lactamase, so treatment will require a beta-lactamase inhibitor such as taxobactam
What are the pathogenicity factors of Strep. pneumonia?
Invasins, such as pneumolysin, an anti-phagocytic polysaccharide capsule, various adhesins and immunogenic cell wall components are all major virulence factors
In a urine culture, what does Kass’ number refer to?
If a urine sample has >10^5CFU/ml (colonies) of a bacteria, the patient has a UTI, even if they are asymptomatic
What is the significance of epithelial cells in the urine?
CONTAMINATION - means that the sample wasn’t mid stream
What type of organism is S. aureus?
Aerobic, gram-positive coccus
What are the pathogenicity factors of S. aureus?
Peptidoglycan (endotoxin-like activity), protein A, clumping factor
Exotoxins (eg. enterotoxins that induce diarrhoea)
If a patient has MRSA, what is the treatment?
- Glycopeptides (vancomycin, daptomycin)
- Linezolide
Give 5 examples of anaerobic bacteria
- Clostridium tetani
- C. perfringens
- Escherichia coli
- Klebsiella
- Actinomyces
Give 5 examples of aerobic bacteria
- Staphylococcus species
- Streptcoccus species
- Enterobacteriacae species
- Myobacterium tuberculosis
- H. influenzae
What type of organism is N.meningitidis?
Gram negative diplococcus
What type of organism is H.influenzae?
Gram negative coccobacillus
What type of organism is Listeria monocytogenes?
Gram positive rods
