Using the Evidence - Lecture Thirty-Seven Flashcards
Epidemiology in Practice: Tobacco Control
Tobacco control
Eliminating or reducing their consumption of tobacco products and exposure to tobacco smoke
Who is Impacted by Tobacco Control Interventions?
Non-smokers
Existing smokers
Ex-smokers
Non-smokers
Prevent smoking experimentation & uptake
Prevent second-hand smoke exposure
Existing-smokers
Promote quit attempts and successful quitting
Ex-smokers
Prevent smoking relapse
Where does tobacco cause disease and disability in the body?
Almost every organ
Smoking in Pregnancy risks
Miscarriage Premature birth Stunted foetal development Low birth weight Heart defects Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Babies born addicted to nicotine
Start smoking: Individual factors
Genetics Nicotine susceptibility Risk taking Adverse family environment Mental health Psycho-social motives
Start smoking: Social/community network factors
Pro-smoking networks
Peer pressure
Start smoking: Social and environment factors
Tobacco industry marketing
Promotion
Keep smoking or relapse: Individual factors
Physical dependence on nicotine
Beliefs about benefits
Emotional triggers
Self-exempting beliefs & misperceptions about harms
Keep smoking or relapse: Social/community network factors
Group social norms
Situational triggers
Relationship facilitation
Keep smoking or relapse: social and environmental factors
Cultural social norms Smoking visibility and smoking/non-smoking areas Retain environment Tobacco marketing and promotion
Emotional triggers
Stress
Depression
Boredom
Anxiety
Beliefs about benefits
Stress management
Weight control
Concentration
Situational triggers
People
Places
Contexts
Relationship facilitation
Group bonding
Gifting and receiving tobacco
Retail environment
Accessibility
Affordability
Display attractiveness
Tobacco marketing and promotion
Print media Sponsorship Movies TV Gaming Social media
Reduce affordability
Lowers demand Most effective strategy Deters students from beginning Deters ex smokers to start again Reduces low income peoples
Reduce access
Harder to get, people won’t both
Extend smoke free environments
Avoids children seeing smoking as a desirable smoking
Stops second hand smoking
Denormalises smoking
Restrict Tobacco Marketing
Ads
Displays
Tobacco packages
Universal strategies
Reduce affordability Reduce access Extend smoke free environments Restrict tobacco marketing Industry de-nomalisation
Targeting young people strategies
Media campaigns
Increase minimum purchase age tobacco free generation
Targeting existing smokings strategies
Media campaigns
Very low nicotine cigarettes
Individual level strategies
Nicotine replacement therapies (NRT) & other prescription drugs
Behavioural counselling
Health services delivery
Innovative programmes
