Measuring Health in Populations - Lecture Fourteen Flashcards
Epidemiology: A Population Health Perspective
Epidemiology
The study of the occurrence and distribution of health-related events, states or processes in specified populations
Population health
The health outcomes of a group of individuals including the distribution of such outcomes within the group
Two important patterns of health distribution in NZ
Ethnicity and socioeconomic status
Socioeconomic status
Occupation, income and education
Occupation
Non-workers, classification of jobs and people changing occupations
Income
Gross or net and individual or household
Deprivation
Individual or area based
Education
Highest qualification, easy to remember, relatively stable
Living standard measures
Economic Living Standard Index (ELSI) and surveys
NZDep
An area (~100 people) based measure of deprivation that is calculated using deciles (1 being the least deprived and 10 being the most deprived)
Absolute poverty
Income level below which a minimum nutritionally adequate diet plus essential non-food requirements is not affordable. The amount of income a person, family, or group needs to purchase an absolute amount of the basic necessities of life
Relative poverty
The amount of income a person, family, or group needs to purchase a relative amount of basic necessities of life; these basic necessities are identified relative to each society and economy
Social gradient
Deprivation is related to poor health
Social determinants of health
Conditions people are born, grow, live, work and age in
