Uses and cracking of crude oil

Question 1

Crude oil uses

Answer 1

fuel for transport

petrochemical industry uses hydrocarbons from crude oil as feedstock for compounds like polymers / lubricants

All hydrocarbons are organic compounds(contain carbon)

large variety of products due to being formed differently to form different groups called homologous series

e.g Alkanes and alkenes

Question 2

Long chain hydrocarbons form thick gloopy liquids which are not useful so what’s done to them

Answer 2

A longer alkane molecule is produced from fractional distillation into smaller more useful this is called cracking

some useful products of cracking are fuels e.g paraffin jet fuels

Question 3

As well as as alkanes can also produce …. another type of hydrocarbon

Answer 3

Alkene a lot more reactive than alkanes

there used as a starting material for a lot of other molecules like polymers

Question 4

What can test alkenes

Answer 4

Bromine water

when orange bromine water is added to an alkane no reaction will happen and it will stay bright orange

if its added to a alkene the bromine reacts with the alkene to make a colourless compound - so bromine water decolourised

Question 5

Cracking is a thermal decomposition reaction (breaking down molecules by heating them what are the steps

Answer 5

1st step is heat long chain hydrocarbons to vaporise them

then the vapour passed over hot aluminium oxide catalyst

Long chain molecules split apart on surface of specks of catalyst this is catalytic cracking

Question 6

How do you crack hydrocarbons by vaporising it to steam

Answer 6

Vaporise hydrocarbon mix it with steam then heat at high temperature known as steam cracking