Users, Groups, And Permissions

Question 1

The process of identifying and granting access to some user, usually a person, who is trying to access a system

Answer 1

Authentication

Question 2

The process that defines what resources an authenticated user can access and what he or she may do with those resources. For Windows’ files and folders, it is controlled by NTFS file system, which assigns permissions to users and groups

Answer 2

Authorization

Question 3

A container that holds user accounts and defines the capabilities of its members. An efficient way of managing multiple users, especially when you’re dealing with a whole network of accounts

Answer 3

Group

Question 4

Members of this group have complete control over a machine

Answer 4

Administrators

Question 5

Members of this group are almost as powerful as administrators but they cannot install new devices or access other users’ files or folders unless the files or folders specifically provide them access

Answer 5

Power Users

Question 6

Members of this group cannot edit the Registry or access critical system files. They can create groups but can only manage only those they create

Answer 6

Users

Question 7

Enables someone who doesn’t have an account on the system to log on

Answer 7

Guests

Question 8

Rulesets, connected to every folder and file in your system, that define exactly what any account or group can or cannot do to the file or folder

Answer 8

NTFS Permissions

Question 9

When you create a new file or folder on an NTFS partition, you become the owner of that file or folder

Answer 9

Ownership

Question 10

Anyone with the permission can seize control of a file or folder. Administrators have this for everything

Answer 10

Take Ownership Permission

Question 11

An account with this permission can give or take away permissions for other accounts

Answer 11

Change Permissions

Question 12

Define what a user may do to a folder

Answer 12

Folder Permissions

Question 13

Define what a user may do to an individual file

Answer 13

File Permissions

Question 14

Determines what NTFS permissions are applied to files that are moved or copied into a new folder. Doesn’t necessarily inherit the folder’s NTFS permissions

Answer 14

Permissions Propagation

Question 15

Copying within a volume creates two copies of the object. The copy of the object in the new location _______ the permission from that new location

Answer 15

Inherits

Question 16

Moving within a volume creates one copy of the object. That object ______ its permissions, unchanged.

Answer 16

Retains

Question 17

Copying from one NTFS volume to another creates two copies of the object. The copy of the object in the new location _______ the permissions from that new location. The new copy can have different permissions than the original

Answer 17

Inherits

Question 18

Moving from one NTFS volume to another creates one copy of the object. The object in the new location _______ the permission from that new location. The newly moved file can have different permissions than the original

Answer 18

Inherits

Question 19

Owner (permissions for the owner of this file or folder), group (permissions for members of the group for this file or folder), everyone (permissions for anyone for this file or folder), r (read the contents of a file), w (write or modify a file or folder), x (execute a file or list the folder contents)

Answer 19

Linux permissions

Question 20

Rwxrwxrwx where the first three are for the owner, the second three are for the group, and the last three are for everyone

Answer 20

Linux permission format

Question 21

Command that enables you to change the owner and the group with which a file or folder is associated

Answer 21

Chown command

Question 22

chown filename

Answer 22

chown syntax

Question 23

Command that is used to change permissions. Uses an addition system that gives r a value of 4, w a value of 2, and x a value of 1

Answer 23

chmod command

Question 24

chmod

Answer 24

chmod syntax

Question 25

Making data unreadable by those who do not possess a key or password

Answer 25

Encryption

Question 26

Storage organization and management service, such as NTFS, that has the capability of applying a cipher process to the stored data

Answer 26

Encrypting File System (EFS)

Question 27

Drive encryption software offered in high-end versions of Windows. Bitlocker requires a special chip to validate hardware status and to ensure that the computer hasn’t been hacked

Answer 27

BitLocker Drive Encryption

Question 28

A hardware platform for the acceleration of cryptographic functions and the secure storage of associated information. BitLocker, for example, requires one on the motherboard to validate on boot that the computer hasn’t changed

Answer 28

Trusted Platform Module (TPM)

Question 29

Windows feature implemented to stop unauthorized changes to Windows. It enables standard accounts to do common tasks and provides a permissions dialog box when standard and administrator accounts do certain things that could potentially harm the computer (such as attempt to install a program)

Answer 29

User Account Control (UAC)