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CMS Advanced Study 2020/2021 > USA - Washington and Oregon > Flashcards

USA - Washington and Oregon Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe the Geographic Borders of Washington State

A

Canada, North
Idaho, East
Oregon, South
Pacific Ocean, West

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2
Q

Describe Washington State: What separate the west to the east?

A

Puget Sound in the West (Seattle is there)
Cascade Mountains in the middle and the large Columbia valley Ava that encapsulate the majority of the Washington wine regions

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3
Q

What’s percentage of the total US wine originate from Washington?

A

5%

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4
Q

Is Washington State a producer of Premium Wines?

A

It’s the 2nd producer state of Premium wines

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5
Q

Where are the majority of the wine regions located?

Why?

A

On the east of the Cascade Mountains

The CM shelter from the rain

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6
Q

What’s the climate?

A

It’s a continental climate, fairly uniform across the state (east of Cascade)

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7
Q

What’s the viticulture climatic hazard in Washington State?

A

Frost and Winter freezes

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8
Q

What’s the positive note of the frigid winters?

A

They mitigate disease pressure, as they can’t survive

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9
Q

Why is Phylloxera virtually unknown in the Washington State?

A

With the severe winters, it can’t survive
Inhospitable Sandy Soil
Great physical distance between vineyards

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10
Q

How vines can survive Winters?

A

They are often planted at higher elevation
Also, dual-trunk training
Buried Canes

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11
Q

How the Northernly latitude impacts the viticulture?

A

Longer Sunshine Hrs

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12
Q

Where are the Rocky Mountains?

A

In the Northern Part of the Washington State

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13
Q

How the Rocky Mountains impact the climate in Washington State?

A

The RM shelter from Icy Polar Masses

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14
Q

What kind of soil would you find in WA?

A

Basalt, Sedymentary Rocks, Loess

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15
Q

How many AVAs in WA?

A

14

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16
Q

What’s the production focus of the WA wine industry?

A

Premium wines, There’s a lack of Bulk Wines production

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17
Q

What’s the avg cases production for WA wines?

A

less than 12K cases per year

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18
Q

Is there any large winery in Washington State?

A

Ste Michelle Wine Estate produce 60% of the total WA output.
7 million K in 2013
But also hogue Cellars, Hedges Family Estate, K Vitners, Gallo (from 2012 with Columbia winery)

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19
Q

Who is the largest Riesling producer in the world?

A

Ste Michelle Wine Estate

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20
Q

At which parallel are the vineyards in WA?

A

46 and above

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21
Q

Is it very rainy on the east of the cascade?

A

No, very dry.

6 - 12 inches per year

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22
Q

What’s the positive impact of the low rainfall in the WA?

A

Very low fungal pressure, and mildew infestation

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23
Q

It’s dry farming possible in WA?

A

East of cascade, it’s impossible.

The only exceptions in the Columbia Gorge

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24
Q

Is it easy to access water for farmers?

A

Water rights are very hard to acquire

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25
Q

What is the Yakima Fold Belt?

A

It is an area raised by tectonic compression in south central Washington. It runs east to west

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26
Q

What’s the elevation of the Yakima Fold Belt?

A

It goes up to 4000 feet, while the valleys in between rarely go b slow 1000

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27
Q

What’s a consequence of the airflow through the Yakima Fold Belt?

A

Airflow between valleys and hills is constricted.

The Frost pressure is in fact higher in the valley

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28
Q

In which areas of the Yakima Fold Belt the frost risk is lower?

A

With elevation, the frost pressure decreases.

Aspect also helps.

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29
Q

What are the main soil profile in Washington?

A

Basalt,
Sedimentary Rock,
Loess

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30
Q

How the Basaltic soil originated in WA?

A

Millions of yrs old Volcanic Eruptions.
It is considered to be the strongest ever documented.
In some parts, Basalt can be as deeper as 12,000 feet .
Often is too deep for vine roots

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31
Q

How did the Sedimentary Rocks in WA originated?

A

Through the Missoula Floods

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32
Q

What is the Missoula Floods?

A

It’s a cataclysm occurring through centuries.
At the end of the glacial age, ice started to melt and water flooded through Oregon, Washington and Montana.
It’s only dated 13,000 to 18,000 yrs ago.
The flooded water left sedimentary rock on the soil

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33
Q

How the Loess soil originated in WA?

A

Loess(silt and sand) got transported through the winds

Some vineyards in the Columbia Basin are in fact eolian shaped

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34
Q

What wine style was popular in the 1930s in WA?

A

Sweet, fortified wines made from native grapes.

Vineyards were mostly on the wet, puget sound

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35
Q

Who is considered to be the father of WA wine?

A

Dr Walter Clore.

He planted vinifera cuttings in the 1940 in a University Research Station.

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36
Q

When did Clore start to plant across the state?

A

In the 1960s. He proved that was possible to plant vinifera in WA

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37
Q

Who are the associated Vitners?

A

Some Uni friends and amateur winemakers that started their own wine project in 1962.

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38
Q

Which is considered to be one of the first vinifera vineyards in WA?

A

A muscat vineyard planted in 1917 by William Bridgman in the Snipes Mountains

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39
Q

Who planted the Harrison Hill Vineyard and where?

A

The Associated Vitners in the Snipes Mountains, near Bridgman’s muscat vineyard

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40
Q

Which iconic wine person tasted the wines of the Associated Vitners encouraging them?

A

André Tchelistcheff . in 1967

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41
Q

What is the Touchet Formation or the Touchet Beds?

A

TB are nutrient rich deposits of gravel and sediments deriving from the Missoula Floods in Washington and Oregon
They can reach up to 30m above the underneath basalt

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42
Q

What did the Associated Vitners do after A T praised?

A

They bonded and started to sell their wines commercially

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43
Q

Who were the “American Wine Growers” in WA in the late 1960s?
Who did they ask to to be their consultant?

A

2 Puget Sound Wineries that used Tchelistcheff as a consultant to transaction to Vinifera

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44
Q

What is in fact consider to be the first wave of vineries in WA?
And what’s their name today?

A

The Associated Vitners and the American Wine Growers
The AV is known today as Columbia Winery (owned by Gallo )
The AWG is known today as Chateau St. Michelle

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45
Q

What’s the majority of the vine planting in WA?

What are the most popular?

A

hald red and half white
W are Chardonnay , Riesling, Pinot Gris, Sauvignon Blanc, Gewurztraminer
R are CS and Merlot (leading) + Syrah, CF

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46
Q

What is Vinea?

A

From 2004
It’s the winegrowers sustainable trust
It’s an organisation founded by a group of Walla Walla wineries, which is committed to promote sustainability, if not wholly organic practices, amongst the members

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47
Q

What percentage of vineyards in Walla Walla are Vinea?

A

2/3

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48
Q

What Vinea does? What’s the organisation Vinea works actively with?

A

Vinea provides guidelines to move towards sustainable, environmental friendly practices in the vineyard.

Oregon’s LIVE conducts certifications.
LIVE is accredited by IOBC and theirs standards embrace the Salmon’s safe ones

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49
Q

Which state does the Upper Mississipi River Valley AVA encompass?
In which year was it approved? What’s its size?

A

2009
Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, Illinois
It’s the world largest demarcated appellation

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50
Q

Which was the first approved AVA in Washington?

A

Yakima Valley, 1983

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51
Q

What percentage of the State vineyards is in the Yakima Valley?

A

1/3

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52
Q

What’s the largest AVA in Washington state?

How many AVAs encompass?

A 
Columbia Valley AVA, 1984
11 avas (10 in Washington)
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53
Q

What’s the size of the Columbia Valley AVA?

A

11 million acres. It covers 1/4 of WA land

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54
Q

Which WA Avas are not included in the Columbia Valley AVA ?

A

Puget Sound, Columbia Gorge, Lewis-Clark Valley

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55
Q

Name 2 vineyards of Columbia Valley that are not within a sub Ava?

A

Sagemoor: founded in 1968. It sells fruit to 75 wineries
Cold Creek Chateau St Michelle Monopole
Stillwater Creek

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56
Q

Who is Chateau St Michelle? What percentage of WA wine is made by it?

A

It’s the largest wine producer of Washington. Based in Puget Sound, it accounts for 60% of WA wine production.

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57
Q

What’s a fun fact of Ch ST Michelle?

A

It’s the largest Riesling producer in the world

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58
Q

Which percentage of Washington’s vinifera vineyards are within the Columbia Valley AVA?

A

95%

45,000 acres of vineyard

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59
Q

What’s the reason of the shape the Columbia Valley AVA?

A

It follows the shape of The Columbia Valley Basin

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60
Q

Which Washington AVAs are shared with Oregon?

A

Columbia Valley Ava, Columbia Gorge, Walla Walla

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61
Q

Which Washington AVA is shared with Idaho?

Where is the majority of it?

A

Lewis-Clark Valley, the biggest part is in Idaho

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62
Q

How many sub-avas within Yakima Valley?

name them

A

3, Rattlesnake Hills, Snipes Mountains, Red Mountain

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63
Q

Which heat summation Region is it consider Yakima Valley?

A

Region II

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64
Q

What river goes through the Yakima Valley?

A

Yakima River

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65
Q

Where are the majority of the vineyards planted in the Yakima Valley?

A

Between the Snipe Mountains and the red Mountains

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66
Q

How is Yakima Valley agriculturally considered ?

A

It is a main agricultural region. Apple, Stone fruits, Concord grapes and hops fields

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67
Q

Where are the vineyards planted in the valley?

A

Upper slopes, usually between 1,000 and 1,400 feet.

Below, is usually used for orchards and Concord grapes

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68
Q

Which Iconic producer is located in the Yakima Valley?

A

Hogue Cellar, owned by Constellation

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69
Q

Name 3 Iconic Vineyards located in the Yakima Valley?

A

Red Willow Vineyard (1st Syrah)
Bushey
Otis (1st CS in 1957)

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70
Q

Which is the Hottest AVA in WA?

A

Red Mountain AVA

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71
Q

What’s the smallest AVA in WA?

A

Red Mountain AVA

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72
Q

Which is the most sparsely cultivated Ava in WA?

A

Red Mountain AVA

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73
Q

Where does the name Red Mountain comes from?

A

It is named after a grass that turn Red during spring

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74
Q

Which heat summation scale region is considered Red Mountain AVA to be?

A

Region III

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75
Q

What’s the most planted variety in the red mountain AVA?

A

CS

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76
Q

When were the first vineyards planted in the Red Mountain?

Can you name 1?

A

1975
Kiona and Chiel du Cheval Vineyards
They are both still considered some of the best source

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77
Q

Who owns Col Solare? Where is it based?

A

Antinori, Based in Red Mountain AVA

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78
Q

What’s a geological characteristic of the Snipes mountains?

From which elevation can vineyards be planted?

A

It’s an anticline with Ava’s boundaries defined by elevation. It ends below 750ft on the southern slope and 820 ft on the Northern Slope.
Vineyards can only be planted above this. Usually up to 1310 ft

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79
Q

Where and when Bridgman planted the first vinifera block?

A

in 1917 in the Snipes Mountain AVA

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80
Q

Which other iconic vineyard would you find in the Snipes Mountain?

A

Harrison Hill CS block is here.

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81
Q

Who owns the Original Bridgman block now?

A

Upland Vineyards.

It’s to date the only Estate producer. He sells fruits too

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82
Q

At which elevation are the vineyards planted in the Rattlesnake Hills?

A

between 850 to 1600 ft

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83
Q

What’s the most planted grape in the Rattlesnake Hill?

A

Riesling

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84
Q

Where would you find the ‘Two Blondes Vineyard’ and the Dubrov vineyard?
Under which AVA do they label their wines?

A

Both within Rattlesnake Hills AVA

They are both sold as Yakima Valley AVA

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85
Q

Walla Walla AVA, can you name 2 subregions?

A

Mill Creek,
North Fork
the both could get AVAs in the future

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86
Q

Which geological features are nearby Walla Walla?

A

WW sits east of a confluence of 3 rivers( Columbia, Yakima, Snake River) and the Walulla GAP
Blue Mountains in the SE

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87
Q

At which elevation are the vineyards in Walla Walla ?

A

Above 850 feet

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88
Q

What’s the soil profile in Walla Walla?

A

Loess.

The Rock is an exception

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89
Q

Who planted the first vineyards in Walla Walla?(2 names)

A

Figging from Leonetti Cellar in 1974 (1st vinifera)

Small, from Woodward Canyon Winery planted the first Chardonnay

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90
Q

With Figgings and Small who else is considered to be the fathers of viticulture in Walla Walla?

A

Ferguson from L’Ecole, and Rindal from Waterbrook

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91
Q

Who planted Rhone varietals in Walla Walla/

A

Baron, from Cayuse.
He planted rhone grapes in a cobblestone area, nearly flat, ‘The Rocks’
In 2015 this area became AVA, entirely within Oregon “rocks of freewater

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92
Q

Which famous rocks, the Rocks of Milton Freewater recall?

A

Recall Galets

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93
Q

Name 3 recent projects wineries in Walla Walla

A

Waters Winery, Gramercy Cellars, Va piano, Duty Winery, Amorice, Rotie Cellars, Amari, Chris Figgings

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94
Q

Name 2 iconic Vineyards in Walla Walla

A

Pepper Bridge, Seven Hills Vineyard (Near the Rock)

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95
Q

What is Sevein?

A

Its a company based in Walla Walla which is developing vineyards in block of 40 acres or larger.
The project started in 2015.
The actual vineyard planted in Walla Walla was at the time 2000 acres.
their project is looking at doubling the size of that.

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96
Q

Who owns Seven Hills Vineyard ?

A

Sevein

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97
Q

What’s the Iconic Sustainable Walla Walla Certification?

A

Its the Vinea certification

98
Q

Order from N to S: Yakima, Lake Chelan, Wahluke Slope, Ancient Lakes of Columbia Valley, and Horse Heaven Hills.

A 
Lake Chelan
Ancient Lakes of Columbia Valley 
Wahluke Slope 
Yakima 
Horse Heaven Hills
99
Q

AVA: Champoux vineyard

A

Horse Heaven Hills; BDX grapes; Quilceda Creek, Andrew Will, Powers, Woodward Canyon

100
Q

What mountain range forms the eastern border of Walla Walla?

A

Blue mountains

101
Q

How is the climate in Horse Heaven Hills different than Yakima?

A

Much windier! Less frost damage, lower vine vigor, small berries, small clusters, thick skins

102
Q

Order from E to W: Horse Heaven Hills, Walla Walla, Yakima, Columbia Gorge

A 
Walla Walla
Horse Heaven Hills 
Yakima 
Columbia Gorge 
(Horse Heaven Hills and Yakima overlap some)
103
Q

Where are the Saddle Mountains?

A

Just to the north of Wahluke Slope in the Columbia Valley

104
Q

What is the most recently established AVA of WA state?

A

Lewis-Clark Vineyards 2019

105
Q

What is the northernmost sub of Columbia Valley? What grapes are grown here?

A

Lake Chelan; Riesling and Pinot Noir

106
Q

Where is Naches Heights?

A

A sub AVA of Columbia Valley just north of Yakima on the eastern foothills of the Cascades.

107
Q

AVA: Celilo Vineyard

A

Columbia Gorge, supplies Ken Wright and Woodward Canyon

108
Q

Where would you find the unofficial subregions Hood River Valley and Underwood?

A

Columbia Gorge

109
Q

Name three brands owned by Chateau Ste Michelle?

A

Col Solare, Columbia Crest, Eroica, North Star, Snoqualmie

110
Q

Name three WA wineries that make over 100,000 cases of wine per year in Washington

A

Chateau Ste. Michelle, Columbia Crest, Columbia Winery (Gallo), Hogue Cellars, Hedges, K Vitners

111
Q

Who was the winemaker for the first wines released as Ste. Michelle Vitners?

A

Andre Tchelistcheff, who was hired as a winemaking consultant in the late 1960s for American Wine Growers

112
Q

Is Horse Heaven Hills particularly windy?

A

Wind pass through the Columbia Gorge.

It’s extremely strong

113
Q

In which year frost killed 30 acres of vine in the Horse Heaven Hills?

A

2010

114
Q

What’s the main varietal that you’ll find in the Horse Heaven Hills?

A

CS

115
Q

Name the main producer of DuBrul Vineyard and 2 Blondes Vineyard? Where are these vineyards? What do the producers label them as?

A

Côte Bonneville — DuBrul
2 Blondes — Andrew Will

Both are in Rattlesnake Hills, but labeled as Yakima Valley

116
Q

Which river touch The Wahluke Slope AVA?

A

Columbia River

117
Q

Which is the driest AVA in WA?

A

Wahluke Slope ava

118
Q

What’s mostly planted in the Wahluke Slope?

A

Cs, Merlot, Syrah

119
Q

What’s the shape of the Ancient Lake of Columbia Valley AVA?

A

Rectangular

120
Q

Was the Lake Chelan AVA affected by the Missoula Floods?

A

No, it is the only Region in the basin not being affected

121
Q

What is mostly planted in Lake Chelan?

A

PN and Riesling

122
Q

What is Lake Chelan, apart from the AVA?

A

It’s a glacial Lake

123
Q

It’s Naches Heights AVA heavily planted ?

A

no. The 1st vineyard was planted in 2002, and only less than 50 acres are currently under vines

124
Q

What are the sub AVAs of Columbia Valley (Washington side)?

A
  • Yakima Valley
  • –Red Mountain
  • –Rattlesnake Hills
  • –Snipes Mountain
  • Walla Walla Valley
  • Wahluke Slope
  • Lake Chelan
  • Horse Heaven Hills
  • Naches Heights
  • Ancient Lakes of Columbia
125
Q

What is Washington’s smallest AVA?

A

Red Mountain AVA

126
Q

What is the most planted grape in Yakima Valley AVA?

A

Chardonnay

127
Q

What are the soils of Walla Walla Valley AVA (Washington Side)?

A

Basalt bedrock and thin alluvial topsoil

128
Q

What is the warmest growing region of WA?

A

Red Mountain AVA

129
Q

What’s the rainfall like in Columbia Gorge AVA?

A

8 inches per year on the east,

while 36 on the west

130
Q

Is dry farming possible in the Columbia Gorge?

A

Yes, in the western side. It’s the only AVA in WA )apart from Puget Sound)

131
Q

What’s the width of the Columbia River in the Columbia Gorge?

A

1 mile width

132
Q

Which climatic factor act as a moderate influence in the Columbia Gorge?

A

Columbia River.

Long growing season: late bud break, harvest up to the end of October

133
Q

Is the Columbia gorge pretty windy?

A

Yes, its extremely windy.

It’s the most popular North America destination for windsurf

134
Q

Why is Atavus vineyard iconic in the Columbia gorge ?

A

Clore, in 1968, planted an experimental PN vineyard, dry farmed. The 1st vineyard in the Columbia Gorge

135
Q

Where would you find the Cello vineyard?

A

in the Columbia Gorge.

Ch, Gewürz and Pinot N were planted here in the 1972

136
Q

Can you name the 2 subzones of the Columbia Gorge?

A 
Hood River Valley ( Oregon)
Underwood Mountain (Washington)
137
Q

How would you describe the Columbia Gorge wine style/

A

Similar to Willamette. Lighter and Vibrant

138
Q

Can you name few exciting young producers in Columbia Gorge?

A

Syncline, memaloose, Idiot’s Grace, Analemma

139
Q

When the first plantings appear in the Puget Sound?

A

1872 with ‘Island Belle’ , a Lambrusca Hybrid

140
Q

How big is the Puget Sound? how many acres are planted?

A

PS is the 2nd largest AVA

5.5 million acres, but only less than 200 currently planted

141
Q

What are the most planted variety here?

A

Germanic crossings that perform well in the rain

Madeline Angevine, Muller Thurgau, Siegerrebe

142
Q

When was the AVA of Lewis-Clark Valley approved?

A

in 2016. Washington and Idaho

143
Q

Can you name 2 Avas in Idaho?

A

Snake river Valley (shared with Oregon)
Eagle Foothills
Lewis-Clark Valley (shared with Was)

144
Q

Where is Oregon?

A

North west coast US
Washington North, Idaho east,
California south and Pacific Ocean West

145
Q

Which grapes are the mostly planted in Oregon?

A

PN and PG are the 77% of the vineyards(2017)
(PN is alone more than 50%)
then, CH, Riesling, Cs and Merlot

146
Q

Where is the majority of the wine production in Oregon?

A

Willamette Valley produce 80% of the State Grape Harvest

147
Q

Who firstly planted Pn in Oregon?

A

1961 Richard Sommer planted PN in the Umpqua Valley

148
Q

Who planted first PN in Willamette?

A

Papa Pinot, David Lett in 1965

149
Q

Whats the main difference in vineyard location in Oregon compare to Washington?

A

Majority of the vineyards are located on the west of the Cascade Mountains

150
Q

Are the wine estates really big in Oregon? Which is the largest?

A

No, the largest is King Estate in Willamette, which produce 155K cases per year

151
Q

Which Mountain Range would you find in Oregon?

A

Coastal Range (on the coast) and Cascade Mountains (Central-west) Klamath Mountains( South-West) Blue Mountains (North-East )

152
Q

How many AVAs in Oregon?

A

19 AVAs

153
Q

How many AVAs are shared with Washington?

A

3, Columbia Gorge, Columbia Valley and Walla Walla

154
Q

How many AVAs are shared with Idaho?

A

1, Snake River Valley

155
Q

If you could describe the AVAS location in Oregon, how would you?

A

West, Willamette in the north and Southern Oregon in the South
North, Columbia Valley
East Snake River Valley

156
Q

Which AVAs would you find in the North of Oregon?

A

Columbia Gorge, Columbia Valley, Walla Walla, The Rock of Milton Freewater

157
Q

Which Ava would you find in the east of Oregon?

A

Snake River Valley

158
Q

Which AVA would you find with Southern Oregon?

A 
Southern Oregon AVA
Elkton Oregon AVA
Red Hill Douglas County, Oregon AVA
Umpqua Valley AVA
Rogue Valley AVA
Applegate Valley AVA
159
Q

Which AVAs are within Willamette Valley AVA?

how many?

A 
7
Chehalem Mountain AVA
Ribbon Ridge AVA
Yamahill Carlton AVA
Dundee Hills AVA
McMinnville AVA
Von Duzer Corridor AVA
Eola Amity Hills AVA
160
Q

Which was the first Oregon AVA?

A

Willamette Valley 1983

161
Q

Who planted the first PN planting in Willamette?

A

David Lett, 1960s

162
Q

In which year Lett received a critical acclaim for his ‘South Block Reserve’ Pinot Noir?

A

1975

163
Q

What was Lett reaction to the critical acclaimed received?

A

He took his PN ‘South Block’ off the market for 27 years

164
Q

In 1987, which international company purchased the Dundee Hills property?

A

Drouhin

165
Q

When the majority of the subavas were granted in Willamette?

A

Between 2004 and 2006.

In 2019 1 more

166
Q

What happened in 2016 to the Willamette Valley AVA size?

A

A 10,000 acres extension to includes vineyard of King Estate

167
Q

Who established in 1965 the iconic Eyrie Vineyard ?

A

David Lett in the Dundee Hills, on a south Facing Slope

168
Q

Which are the main towns in Willamette V?

A

Portland, Salem, Eugene

169
Q

Where are the majority of the vineyard located?

A

Between Salem and Portland, in the Northern valley

Home of 85% of AVA’s PN and all 7 subzones

170
Q

What’s Willamette Valley latitude? Which other iconic old world wine region share the same?

A

45th parallel
Burgundy
Both Region I

171
Q

Is the Burgundy growing season the same as the Willamette Valley one?

A

Very different. Burgundy’s season is shorter.
Willamette is wetter, but drier during growing season.
Rot is in fact more of a worry in Cote d’Or

172
Q

Which percentage of the vineyards is Live certified in Willamette?

A

50%

173
Q

What is a pest in Willamette V?

A

Birds.
Willamette Valley sits on a migratory pathway

also Grape Rust Mites, Rodents

174
Q

Is Phylloxera an issue in Oregon?

A

PH attacked Oregon in the 90s.

Many vineyards are still living with the infestation. Many are replanting

175
Q

Is sry farming possible in Willamette?

A

Yes, it is

However irrigation is sparingly used

176
Q

Did the Missoula Floods affected Oregon ?

A

Yes

177
Q

What’s the main difference between growers in WA and Oregon related to the choice of the land to cultivate on?

A

In WA growers rely on reach soil, as they are coping with extreme water stress
In Willamette, growers rely on Nutrient depleted soils to restrain vine vigour. Most vineyards are in fact planted above 275 ft (up to 800-900 feet)

178
Q

What are the main 4 soil types of Willamette Valley?

A

Uplifted Marine sediments
Volcanic Soil
Loess
Missoula Floods Deposits

179
Q

Name two type of Uplifted Marine sediments in the Willamette Valley

A

Willakenzie soil series (N) and Bellpine soil series (S)

180
Q

What’s the characteristic of Willakenzie soilin the Willamette Valley?

A

It’s a sandier soil. PN is usually darker (colour and fruit)

181
Q

Name two types of Volcanic Soil in the Willamette Valley

A

Jory Soil, Nekia Series

182
Q

Name two types of Loess soil in the Willamette Valley

A

Laurelwood, Cornelius, Cascade Series

183
Q

Is the Loess a young soil in Willamette?

A

Loess was swept over 2.6 millions year ago and it is now anchored to many north-east hillsides
These reddish soil predate ice agenda it is often mixed with basalt and marine sediments

184
Q

Are the Missoula floods Deposits relevant to viticulture in Oregon?

A

Not much.
It represents the 10%of Willamette’s Valley Vineyards
it’s a fertile soil mostly found on the Valley Floor and well suited to other form of viticulture.
(Woodborn Series)

185
Q

Which clones were popular in the first plantings in Willamette?

A

Wädenswille and Pommard clones

however mostly of the plantings were simply based on clonal availability or disease resistance

186
Q

When did it start to speread across Willamette the Dijon clone?

A

In 1984 Bernard, who took cuttings from Dom ponsot in MSD, brought the Dijon clone (or Bernard Clone) to Oregon

187
Q

How is the Pinot style from Willamette?

A

It has a bright acidity, yet a great fruit ripeness

Average ABV is 13-14% usually. In some years Chapt is required(legal in Oregon)

188
Q

Is Chaptalisation allowed in California?

A

No, it’s illegal

189
Q

In which year David Lett planted the first PG in Willamette?

A

1966

190
Q

Which was the first Pg bottle to carry the varietal name on the label?

A

1970, David Lett PG

191
Q

Which white grapes are popular in Willamette V?

A

PG is the 2nd most planted grape, followed by Chardonnay, Riesling and Pinot Blanc

192
Q

What AVA of the Willamette Valley is known for Willakenzie soil, and what defines this soil type?

A

Ribbon Ridge, Yamhill Carlton; loam and ash (sedimentary vs. volcanic), making for denser, richer, more dark-fruited wines

193
Q

What winery of the Willamette Valley is Robert Parker a co-owner of?

A

Beaux Freres

194
Q

Where does the Willakenzie soil type take its name?

A

Two rivers: Willamette and McKenzie

195
Q

What is the eastern most AVA of the Willamette Valley and what is its sub AVA (on its western side)?

A

Chehalem Mountains with Ribbon Ridge sub

196
Q

How does the climate of Southern Oregon compare to that of the Willamette Valley?

A

It is warmer and drier in Southern Oregon

197
Q

Name three Willamette Valley producers who began production before 1977.

A

Eyrie (Lett), Erath, Ponzi, Sokol Blosser, Adelsheim, Elk Cov, Oak Knoll

198
Q

What AVA of the Willamette Valley is known for Jory soil, and what defines this soil type?

A

Dundee Hills, well-drained volcanic top-soil, making for more elegant, red-fruited wines

199
Q

What is the southern most AVA of the Willamette Valley?

A

Eola-Amity Hills

200
Q

Who planted the first Pinot Noir in Oregon and in what year? Willamette Valley?

A

Oregon: Richer Sommer, Hillcrest, Umpqua Valley, 1961
Willamette: David Lett, Eyrie Vineyards, 1966

201
Q

What is the most western sub of the Willamette Valley?

A

McMinnville

202
Q

What AVA of the Willamette Valley has the highest elevation vineyards?

A

Chehalem Mountains

203
Q

Name three wineries based in Yamhill-Carlton District.

A

Elk Cove, Willakenzie Estate, Penner Ash, Belle Pente

204
Q

AVA: Ponzi

A

Chehalem Mountains

205
Q

AVA: Adelsheim

A

Chehalem Mountains

206
Q

What differentiates Ribbon Ridge from Chehalem Mountain?

A

Soil type; notable wind-blown loess soils with marine sediments (versus the more volcanic Chehalem)

207
Q

In what AVA is Bald Peak?

What is it?

A

Chehalem Mountain

It’s the highest peak in the willamette valley 1633ft

208
Q

What’s the soil in the Chehalem Mountain ?

A

It’s predominantly Laurelwood Loess

209
Q

AVA: Brickhouse

A

Ribbon Ridge

210
Q

Name three producers in Ribbon Ridge.

A

Patty Green, Brickhouse, Beaux Freres

211
Q

AVA: Beaux Freres

A

Ribbon Ridge

212
Q

Who makes wine from the Upper Terrace Vineyard? What AVA?

A

Beaux Freres; Ribbon Ridge

213
Q

AVA: Patty Green

A

Ribbon Ridge

214
Q

Where is Ribbon Ridge AVA?

A

It’s an AVA in Willamette Valley, within Chehalem Mountain AVA

215
Q

What’s the Ribbon Ridge soil?

A

Willakenzie soil

216
Q

What’s the soil in the Yamahill-Carlton District?

A

Willakenzie soil

217
Q

What AVA of the Willamette Valley is known for Willakenzie soil, and what defines this soil type?

A

Ribbon Ridge, Yamhill Carlton; loam and ash (sedimentary vs. volcanic), making for denser, richer, more dark-fruited wines

218
Q

Name three wineries based in Yamhill-Carlton District.

A

Elk Cove, Willakenzie Estate, Penner Ash, Belle Pente

219
Q

AVA: Shea Vineyard

A

Yamhill-Carlton; PN; Ken Wright

220
Q

Name three producers based in Dundee Hills.

A

Archery Summit, Domaine Drouhin, Eyrie, Domaine Serene, Sokol Blosser, Stoller

221
Q

What’s the most planted wine region in Oregon?

A

Dundee Hills AVA

222
Q

AVA: Domaine Serene

A

Dundee Hills AVA

223
Q

AVA: Domaine Drouhin

A

Dundee Hills AVA

224
Q

What AVA of the Willamette Valley is known for Jory soil, and what defines this soil type?

A

Dundee Hills, well-drained volcanic top-soil, making for more elegant, red-fruited wines

225
Q

What AVA is most affected by the Van Duzer corridor?

A

McMinnville

226
Q

Where does “Eola” come from in Eola-Amity Hills?

A

Aeolus is the god of the winds in Greek Mythology — Eola-Amity Hills are quite windy (Van Duzer gap), with volcanic and Nekia soils

227
Q

Name three wineries based in Eola-Amity Hills.

A

Bethel Heights, Evesham Wood, Cristom, Evening Land

228
Q

AVA: Cristom

A

Eola-Amity Hills

229
Q

AVA: Seven Springs Vineyard

Who was the famous consultant?

A

Eola-Amity Hills (Evening Land)

Dominique Lafon

230
Q

Name the Willamette Valley AVA sub avas N to south

A

Chehalem Mountain,
Ribbon Ridge
Yamhill-CArlton District (northern than RR)
Dundee Hills,
McMinville
Von Duzer Corridor
Eola Amity Hills (northern than von duzer but the last one too)

231
Q

How does the climate of Southern Oregon compare to that of the Willamette Valley?

A

It is warmer and drier in Southern Oregon

232
Q

Name the AVAs of Southern Oregon and their sub-AVAs.

A

Southern Oregon

  • Umpqua Valley
  • Elkton Oregon
  • Red Hills Douglas County
  • Rogue Valley
  • Applegate Valley
233
Q

Put in order from north to south: Rogue Valley, Applegate Valley, Umpqua Valley

A

Umpqua
Rogue
Applegate (w/in the southern portion of Rogue)

234
Q

Was the Southern Oregon AVA granted before or after Umpqua and Rogue?

A

After

235
Q

How long is Southern Oregon?

A

125 miles

236
Q

Name the mountain Range?

A

Coastal Range on the West, Cascade Mountains on the east, Klamath Mountains in the south

237
Q

What’s planted in the Southern Oregon?

A

1/5 is Pinot Noir, also Syrah, merlot, PG

238
Q

Where is the Hillcrest vineyard? Why is it famous?

A

Hillcrest vineyard is in the Umpqua Valley.

Here Richard Sommer planted in 1961 Oregon 1st PN Vineyard

239
Q

Who is Scott Henry?

A

Founded the ‘Henry Estate’ in the Umpqua Valley.

He is the creator of the Double Curtain Trellising System

240
Q

What’s the characteristic of the red hill Douglas County AVA?

A

It’s a single vineyard single winery of the ‘ Sienna Rige Estate’

241
Q

What is the warmest growing region in Oregon?

A

Rogue Valley

242
Q

Name three “sustainable” certifications that Oregon wineries can achieve.

A

Demeter
Low Impact Viticulture and Enology (LIVE)
Oregon Certified Sustainable Wine (OCSW)
Oregon Tilth Certified Organic (OTCO)
Salmon Safe
Vinea
LEED

CMS Advanced Study 2020/2021 (41 decks)

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