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CMS Advanced Study 2020/2021 > Usa - California North Coast > Flashcards

Usa - California North Coast Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

Name the 5 main AVAs of California

A

North Coast AVA, Central Coast AVA, South Coast AVA, S.Francisco Bay AVA, Sierra Foothills AVA

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2
Q

Which area produce the 75% of California state’s wine?

A

The inland Central Valley which is not considered an AVA.

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3
Q

How many AVAs in California?

A

139, 246 total

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4
Q

Which Counties the North Coast AVA encompass?

A

Mendocino County, Lake County , Sonoma County, Napa County, Marin County and Solano County

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5
Q

Where is Mendocino County?

A

Within North Coast AVA in California, west of Lake County , North of Sonoma

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6
Q

What are the main mountain ranges in Mendocino?

A

Coastal Ranges to the west , Mayacamas to the East

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7
Q

Where would you find the Ukiah, Redwood and McDonnel Valleys?

A

In Mendocino

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8
Q

In which County are the Eel, Navarro and Russian River?

A

Mendocino. Eel in the North, Navarro on the west, Russian River on the East moving south to Sonoma

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9
Q

How many Avas in Mendocino County?

A

12

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10
Q

What are the 2 Avas in the north of Mendocino? What’s the river that goes through them?

A

Covelo and Dos Rios Eel River

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11
Q

List the Avas of Mendocino

A

Covelo and Dos Rios

Eagle Peak Mendocino County (approved 2014), Redwood Valley, Potter Valley

Cole Ranch (smallest AVA) and Mc Dowell Valley

Mendocino Ridge, Anderson Valley, Yorkville Highlands, Pine Mountain/ Cloverdale Peak

Mendocino

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12
Q

Which others AVA does Mendocino AVA encompasses?

A

Portion of Mendocino ridge, Anderson Valley, Yorkville Highlands, Cole Ranch, Mc Dowell, Redwood V and Potter V

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13
Q

Which 2 AVAS in Mendocino are technically Monopoles?

A

Cole Ranch and McDowell Valley CR is 24 hectares, the smallest AVA. “Esterlina” monopole McDV located at the foothills of the Mayacama’s Mountains

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14
Q

What’s the characteristic of the Mendocino ridge Ava?

A

It’s the only non contiguous AVA in US

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15
Q

What are the main grapes planted in Anderson Valley?

A

PN, Alsatian grapes (focus on SPK wines)

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16
Q

Anderson Valley runs west to east. What is the name of the eastern portion and of the western one?

A

‘The deep end’ (west) Region I ‘Boonville’ (east) region II

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17
Q

Which iconic producers would you find in Anderson Valley?

A

Littorai, Williams Selyem, Roederer Estate , Navarro

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18
Q

Which vineyards would you associate to Littorai?

A

Savoy, Cerise

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19
Q

Which iconic vineyard would you associate to W Selyem in the Anderson Valley?

A

Ferrington Vineyard

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20
Q

In which year Roederer Champagne established itself in the Anderson Valley?

A

1982

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21
Q

Where is Lake County?

A

Within North Coast AVA in California

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22
Q

How many Avas within Lake County?

A

7

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23
Q

What’s the reputation of the Clear Lake AVA?

A

i’s an historic source of inexpensive grapes sold to wineries in Napa and Sonoma

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24
Q

Name 3 Avas in Lake county

A

Clear Lake AVA -> 4 sub Avas within it : High Valley AVA, Big Valley AVA, Kelsey Bench AVA, Red Hills AVA

Benmore Valley AVA Guenoc Valley AVA

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25
Q

Describe, where is Sonoma County?

A

California, within North Coast AVA Mendocino to the North, Lake County and Napa to the east, Marin County and San Pablo Bay to the South

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26
Q

How many AVAs within Sonoma c?

A

18

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27
Q

What percentage of the Californian wine is produced in Sonoma?

A

6%

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28
Q

What’s the most planted grape in Sonoma?

A

Chardonnay, but red grapes lead on whites

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29
Q

What Climate Region is Sonoma considered ?

A

it ranges from I to III

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30
Q

Which River goes through the northern part of Sonoma?

A

Russian River.

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31
Q

Where is the AVA of Pine Mountain / Cloverdale Peak?

A

In the north east of Sonoma, shared with Mendocino

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32
Q

Which wine region in Sonoma has the Russian River going from north to south?

A

Alexander Valley

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33
Q

Avas of Sonoma County: If you could split the region in North and South, which AVAs would you find in the North, east to west?

A

Sonoma Coast, Fort Ross Seaview, Northern Sonoma, Rockpile, Dry Creek Valley, Alexander Valley, Pine Mountain/Cloverdale Peak, Knights Valley

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34
Q

Avas of Sonoma County: If you could split the region in North and South, which AVAs would you find in the South, east to west?

A

Sonoma Coast, Petaluma Gap, Russian River Valley, Green valley of RR Valley, Chalk Hill, Fontaingrove, Sonoma Valley, Bennett Valley, Sonoma Mountain, Carneros, Moon Mountain

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35
Q

What is planted mostly in the Alexander Valley? What kind of climate and soil?

A

AV is a Region III with a gravel soil. Bordeaux varietals are mostly planted here

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36
Q

Where is the Knights Valley? What’s the weather ?

A

It’s in the north east corner of Sonoma. It has Alexander Valley on the west, the Mayacamas mountains on the east and half of the east is bordering Lake County, while the other half is bordering Napa. Fontaingrove and a bit of Chalk Hill to the south. It’s the warmest AVA in Sonoma Bordeaux varieties

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37
Q

Sonoma Valley AVA: Where is it? Which mountain ranges can you find? What’s the soil profile?

A

It’s an Ava located in the South East corner of Sonoma County. It encompass the AVAs of Bennett Valley, Moon Mountain and the Sonoma’s part of Carneros You can find the Mountain Ranges of Mayacamas and Sonoma Mountain Soil is Volcanic mostly

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38
Q

What cooling influences are affecting Sonoma Valley?

A

The Petaluma Gap and the San Pablo Bay

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39
Q

Where is Mt Veeder?

A

Between Napa and Sonoma

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40
Q

Which Climatic Region is Los Carneros?

A

Region I

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41
Q

What’s the climate in Los Carneros?

A

Very windy and Foggy

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42
Q

Which iconic international producers invested in Los Carneros?

A

Ferrer (Freixenet), Taittanger, Codorniù

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43
Q

Where is Rockpile AVA? What it is mostly planted there?

A

In the Northern part of Sonoma County, within Northern Sonoma AVA, with the Lake Sonoma on the east Zinfandel

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44
Q

Where is The Dry Creek Valley AVA?

A

In the Central, Northern part of Sonoma County With Alexander Valley to the East, Russian River (South), Northern Sonoma to the west Lake Sonoma is in the north west part of the AVA

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45
Q

What’s the most iconic producer of the dry creek Valley?

A

Dry Creek

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46
Q

What’s the largest AVA in Sonoma County?

A

Sonoma Coast AVA , 500,000 acres It covers the entire west coas, including the AVAs of Fort Ross Seaview, part of Chalk hill, Russian River Valley, Green Valley of RR valley, Carneros (Sonoma part), Petaluma Gap

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47
Q

What’s the soil of Russian River Valley called?

A

Goldridge (Sandy loam)

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48
Q

What varieties are mostly planted in Russian River V AVA?

A

PN and CH (tipically fruity)

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49
Q

Which Mountain Regions would you find In Napa?

A

Mayacamas (W) Vaca mountains (E)

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50
Q

What’s the name of the Bay to the South?

A

San Pablo Bay

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51
Q
A
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52
Q

What’s the climate of the Napa Valley AVA?

A

Mediterranean climate

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53
Q

What percentage of Californian vineyard acreage is found in Napa?

A

4%

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54
Q

From where the cool Ocean Breezes influence the climate of Napa?

A

Through the Petaluma Gap, and through San Pablo Bay

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55
Q

What’s the altitude range in Napa?

A

It goes from zero to 2000 ft asl

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56
Q

What’s the typical valley soil?

A

Extremely diverse. Volcanic, Alluvial, Maritime, Loam, Clay and Rocky Soil

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57
Q

What are the main towns in Napa Valley N to S?

A

Calistoga, St Helena, Yountville, Napa

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58
Q

What’s an issue for the hillside vineyards?

A

Erosion

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59
Q

Who planted in 1839 the 1st Napa vineyard? Which grape was planted?

A

George Yount, Mission grape

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60
Q

What happened in 1848?

A

The Goldrush in California. It did boost the population too

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61
Q

who and when the first commercial winery was planted in Napa?

A

Charles Krug in 1861

62
Q

By the end of 1880s , how many wineries were in Napa?

A

140, covering 15,000 acres

63
Q

What happened in Napa by the end of 1880s?

A

phylloxera

64
Q

What others historic events brought to a decline in the wine industry in the late 19century?

A

Phylloxera first, Recession, WWI and Prohibition

65
Q

What wine production was still allowed during Prohibition?

A

Sacramental and Medicinal wine

66
Q

What are the years of the Prohibition?

A

1919-1933

67
Q

What was the allowance per year of production of fruit juice per household during Prohibition?

A

200 gallons ( 750L) This was often fermented.

68
Q

What happened thanks to this allowance of producing fruit juice?

A

An increased demand of grapes to be shipped across the county

69
Q

How did this affect the kind of grapes required?

A

Grapes needed to be sturdy to be able to sustain long triavels

70
Q

Which grapes became the ones that got planted the most during prohibitionism?

A

Alicante Bouchet, Petit Syrah, Zinfandel and Carignan

71
Q

What was in Napa the percentage of Cab SaV, SB, and Riesling during the prohibition?

A

1%

72
Q

What happened at the end of Prohibition in the wineries?

A

Poor Hygiene Many started to work again without cleaning any equipment prior

73
Q

Who hired Beaulieu winery?

A

They hired André Tchelistcheff, a Russian winemaker who trained in France

74
Q

What was the most popular wine style up to the late 60s?

A

Public started to appreciate sweetness in wine. With an increasing popularity of sodas and fast food, fortified wines and cheap wines became popular

75
Q

In which year for the first time after prohibition, dry wines overtook the sweet ones on popularity?

A

1967

76
Q

In which year the Judgement of Paris was held?

A

1976

77
Q

Which wineries won?

A

Chateau Montelena with a 1973 chardonnay and Stag’s Leap wine Cellars Cab Sav 1973

78
Q

In which year the Napa Valley AVA was granted?

A

1981

79
Q

In which years international wineries started to invest in Napa?

A

1980s

80
Q

What happened in the late 1980s in Napa?

A

Phylloxera hit again in 1986

81
Q

Which Rootstock proved not to be resistant to Phylloxera?

A

AXR-1 developed by the Davies University

82
Q

In the 90s which varietal was planted the most?

A

Cab Sav overtook the Chardonnay plantings

83
Q

What was the reason behind the increasing popularity of red grapes against the whites?

A

the French paradox and ABC anything but Chardonnay

84
Q

Which training techniques were used in the vineyards during late 1980s and 1990s replantings ?

A

Bordeaux techniques. VSP, High density plantings and low fruiting zone. All techniques designed to maximise warmth and sunlight in a marginal climate such as Bordeaux. It resulted in extreme ripe fruit

85
Q

What movement boomed in the late 90s?

A

Micro producers that couldn’t afford a full time winemaker. Consulting Winemakers

86
Q

What happened with the 97 Vintage in Napa?

A

It was warm and abundant to the point where wineries didn’t have enough space for the grapes. Grapes were left to hang on vines and were harvested only when the first batch was already through completed fermentation. many, blended the 2 batches with high critical acclaim in the 1999 and 2000

87
Q

What happened in 2008 in the world?

A

GFC Global Financial Crisis

88
Q

How did Napa reacted to the GFC?

A

Many young winemakers from 2009 and 2010

89
Q

Napa Valley:
Name the Valley Floor AVAs

A

Caliostoga, St Helena, Rutherford, Oakville, Yountville, Stag’s Leap District

90
Q

List Avas Napa Valley anticlockwise, from Calistoga in the North West, ending with the Howell Mountain in the North again

A

Calistoga, Diamond Mountain District, Spring Mountain, St Helena, Rutherford, Oakville, Yountville, Stag’s leap District, Oak Knoll District.

Napa (town) and on the west Mount Veeder, Los Carneros.

In South West -> Coombsville, Wild Horse Valley (Shared w Solano), Atlas Peak, Chiles Valley District, Howell Mountain

91
Q

Napa Valley: Name the Hillside AVAs

A

Diamond Mountain District, Spring Mountain, Mount Veeder, Atlas Peak, Howell Mountain

92
Q

Describe the style of Napa Valley Cab from Valley Floor and from hillside Vineyards

A

Valley Floor is More elegant and supple, less pigmented

The Hillside Vineyard style is denser, darker and more concentrated

93
Q

Los Carneros: what’s the meaning of the name?
In which year the AVA got approved?

A

1983,
It means The Sheep

94
Q

What are the most planted grapes in Los Carneros?

A

PN, CH and Merlot (in clay sandy soils)

95
Q

What’s the soil in Los Carneros?

A

Volcanic towards mount Veeder, with some clay and sand

96
Q

Which International Houses decided to invest in Los Carneros?

A

Taittanger “Domaine carneros”,
Moet at Chandon “ Domaine Chandon”

97
Q

Iconic Vineyards in los Carneros

A

Hudson, Hyde, San Giacomo (Sonoma)

98
Q

Howell Mountain AVA, what’s so unique about it?

A

To be entitled of the AVA, vineyards must be above 1400 feet (above fog line)

99
Q

What’s the soil profile in the Howell Mountains?

A

Volcanic

100
Q

Name 2 iconic wineries in the Howell Mountain AVA

A

Dunn, Rattlesnake Ridge, La Jota

101
Q

What is mostly planted in the Howell Mountain?

A

Cab Sav and Zinf

102
Q

Where is the Wild Horse Valley Ava?

A

In the South east part of Napa, shared with Solano

103
Q

Stag’s Leap District: Describe the Topography of the area. How does it affect the viticulture?

A

SLD is an AVA located in the middle part of Napa Valley, on the valley floor.
The AVA is blessed by east facing slopes that funnel and amplify the afternoon breezes. This helps against the diseases

104
Q

Stag’s Leap District:
What’s the soil profile?

A

It’s Volcanic, with more sandstone and shale to the east and clay and loam to the west

105
Q

Who and when firstly planted a CS vineyard in the Stag’s Leap District?

A

Nathan Fay in 1961
In 1973 Stag’s Leap Cellar begin his venture next door from Fay. SLC now owns Fay original vineyard

106
Q

Where is Mount Veeder AVA?
Is it heavily planted?

A

It’s on the western part of the Napa Valley, on the edge of the Mayacamas Mountains.

The AVA is the largest in Napa, but mostly of the area is steeper than 30degrees, so it can’t be planted for the AVA

107
Q

What’s the main variety planted in Mount Veeder ava?

A

CS

108
Q

Atlas Peak AVA has 2 main producers: Name them

A

The majority of the AVA is covered by 2 vineyards.
Stagecoach (owned by Gallo)
and the Antica (owned by Antinori)

109
Q

Rutherford AVA: Soil profile

A 
Alluvial Gravel (W) silt clay (C), Volcanic (E)
Terrain is flat with gentle hills
110
Q

Rutherford AVA: Which iconic, historic wineries started here?

A

Inglenook and Beaulieu

111
Q

Which iconic Chardonnay vineyard can be find in Rutherford?

A

Star Vineyard

112
Q

Name 4 iconic wineries in Rutherford

A

Inglenook, Beaulieu, Caymus, Quintessa, Frog’s Leap

113
Q

Who owns Beaulieu and who does Inglenook?

A

Beaulieu is owned by Diageo, while Inglenook is owned by FF Coppola

114
Q

Which Ava is considered to be the heart of Napa? Which used to be the historic one?

A

oakville is considered to be the heart of Napa, Rutherford is considered to be the historic one

115
Q

What’s the soil profile of Oakville AVA?

A

The soil is Sedimentary (W) and Volcanic on the east

116
Q

Name at least 3 iconic producers from Oakville

A

Far niente, Dalla Valle, Screaming Eagle, Harlan Estate, Opus One, Robert Mondavi, Beckstoffer

117
Q

Name 2 iconic Vineyards in Oakville

A

To Kalon and Martha’s Vineyard

118
Q

who produce wine from the Martha’s Vineyard?

A

Heitz

119
Q

Who owns To Kalon?

A

Beckstoff and Mondavi

120
Q

Who planted the To Kalon vineyard? When ?

A

1868 by Hamilton Crabb

121
Q

Where is the Spring Mountain District ava?

A

In napa, south of Diamond Mountain District with the Mayacamas Mountain on the west. (there’s no spring mountains)

122
Q

St Helena AVA: What’s the weather?
Nam e 2 iconic producers

A

Climate is hot
Krug, Corison, Heitz and Phelps

123
Q

Name an iconic winery in Yountville:

A

Dominus
There are more vineyards in Yountville than wineries

124
Q

What’s Chiles Valley AVA an important source of ?

A

Cheaper fruit

125
Q

Where is the Diamond mountain District AVA?
Name an iconic producer

A

It’s in the north of Napa, just south and west than Calistoga, north of Spring Mountain AVA with the Mayacamas on the west
Diamond Creek is an iconic producer

126
Q

Where is the Oak Knoll district?
What’s its soil profile?

A

Oak Knoll sits just north of the town of Napa.
It is dry with a lot of Fog influence. The soil profile is rich in clay. Merlot and Chardonnay are more succesfull in here.

127
Q

Name an iconic producer of Oak Knoll District?

A

Matthiasson

128
Q

In which year Calistoga and Coombsville got approved as AVA?

A

2010

129
Q

What’s the soil in Calistoga?
Name an iconic vineyard. Where is it built on?

A

The soil is Volcanic
Eisele vineyard. It is built on a rare eastern alluvial fan

130
Q

Eisele Vineyard: what was the previous name of the estate which has now changed its name to the one of the vineyard?

A

Araujo Estate.
Artemis Domaines of François Pinault (owner also of Latour) purchased the property in 2013.
Renamed in 2016

131
Q

Name 2 iconic producers from Calistoga

A

Chateau Montelena, Eisele Estate

132
Q

Where is Coombsville? In which Region Category does it fall?

A

East of Carneros. It is considered a Region I

133
Q

Name the 3 unofficial subregions of Napa Valley

A

Pritchard Hill, Conn Valley and Deer Park

134
Q

Where is the Pritchard Hill?
Why it’s not an AVA?

A

It’s between Atlas Peak and Howell Mountain.
It is not an AVA yet as the Chappellet family reatains a trademark on the name

135
Q

Which iconic producer is based in Pritchard Hill?

A

Colgin

136
Q

In which Napa’s AVAs would you find the majority of the Cahrdonnay plantings?

A

Carneros, Oak Knoll, Yountville

137
Q

Where would you find the vineyard Konsgaard, The Judge ?
What’s iconic for?

A

Coombsville AVA
Chardonnay

138
Q

Where would you find ‘The Star’ Vineyard?
What’s famous for?

A

In Rutherford

Cab sav

139
Q

Where would you find the Mayacamas vineyard?

A

In Mount Veeder AVA
Renewn Cab Sav

140
Q

In which Ava would you find the majority of the Merlot plantings>

A

In Oak Knoll district

141
Q

Where is the Pope Valley?

A

It is within the Napa Valley AVA, north east than the Howell Mountain
It is not considered a premium area, but in there it can be found the Juliana’s Vineyard wich sold in recent years for an extremely high price

142
Q

What’s the average production for producers such as Screaming Eagle and Harlan estate ?

A

Screaming Eagle produces less than 1,000 cases per year
Harlan estate produces less than 2.000 cases per year

143
Q

Where is the Chateau Montelena based?

A

In Calistoga

144
Q

Where is the producer Dunn based?

A

They are based in the Howell Mountains

145
Q

Where are the producers Krug, Corison and Heitz based?

A

They are based in St Helena

146
Q

Where are Screaming Eagle and Harlan Estate based?

A

In Oakville

147
Q

Where is Corison based?

A

In St Helena

148
Q

Napa Vintages: Best in the 1980s

A

84, 85, 86,87

149
Q

Napa Vintages: Bad in the 80s?

A

88, 89

150
Q

Napa Vintages: Good in the 90s?

A

from 1990 till 1997 VG
1998 and 2000 bad

151
Q

Napa Vintages in 2000s

A

2001, 02, 04, 07, 08, 09. all really good
2003 and 2005 not great

152
Q

Napa Recent Vintages

A

2011 poor
2012 till 2014 RG

CMS Advanced Study 2020/2021 (41 decks)

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