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8th grade > US Constitution Test Review > Flashcards

US Constitution Test Review Flashcards

1
Q

What branch of the government deals with the court system?

A

judicial

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2
Q

Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances.

A

1st Amendment

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3
Q

The right of citizens of the United States, who are eighteen years of age or older, to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of age.

A

26th Amendment

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4
Q

The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

A

15th Amendment

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5
Q

Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime, whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.
ABOLISHED SLAVERY - abolitionists

A

13th Amendment

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6
Q

Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishment inflicted.

A

8th Amendment

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7
Q

In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the state and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law; and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor; and to have the assistance of counsel for his defense.
RIGHT TO AN ATTORNEY AND SPEEDY TRIAL

A

6th Amendment

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8
Q

No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous, crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia, when in actual service, in time of war, or public danger; nor shall any person be subject, for the same offense, to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled, in any criminal case, to be a witness against himself; nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.

A

5th Amendment

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9
Q

No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any house, without the consent of the owner; nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.

A

3rd Amendment

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10
Q

The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated; and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched and the persons or things to be seized. PROTECTION FROM UNREASONABLE SEARCHES AND SEIZURES

A

4th Amendment

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11
Q

The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
WOMEN’S RIGHT TO VOTE - suffragettes

A

19th Amendment

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12
Q

a fundamental aspect of American government, whereby the states are not merely regional representatives of the federal government, but are granted independent powers and responsibilities. With their own legislative branch, executive branch, and judicial branch, states are empowered to pass, enforce, and interpret laws, provided they do not violate the Constitution.

A

federalism

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13
Q

fundamental principle of American government, guaranteed by the Constitution, whereby each branch of the government (executive, judicial, and legislative) has some measure of influence over the other branches and may choose to block procedures of the other branches

A

checks and balances

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14
Q

Who elects the president of the United States?

A

The election of the President and the Vice President of the United States is an indirect vote in which citizens cast ballots for a slate of members of the U.S. Electoral College; these electors in turn directly elect the President and Vice President.

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15
Q

We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States

A

preamble of constitution

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16
Q

What is the main idea of the preamble?

A

to form a union that is good for everyone in it

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17
Q

What are the 3 requirements to be a US representative?

A

To be a Representative a person must be at least 25 years old, a U.S. citizen for at least 7 years, and when elected, must be an inhabitant of that state in which he shall be chosen.

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18
Q

How is the number of representatives per state determined?

A

population - CA has 53 while some states have only 1

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19
Q

How is the number of senators per state determined?

A

each state has 2

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20
Q

What governmental body has the right to impeach?

A

The United States Constitution provides that the House of Representatives “shall have the sole Power of Impeachment” (Article I, section 2) and that “the Senate shall have the sole Power to try all Impeachments …. [but] no person shall be convicted without the Concurrence of two-thirds of the Members present”

21
Q

What is the term of office for a US representative?

A

2 years

22
Q

What is the term of office for a Supreme Court Justice?

A

life

23
Q

What is the term of office for a president?

A

4 years (can have 2 terms)

24
Q

The right of citizens of the United States, who are eighteen years of age or older, to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of age.

A

26th Amendment

25
Q

A well-regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed.

A

2nd Amendment

26
Q

No person shall be elected to the office of the President more than twice, and no person who has held the office of President, or acted as President, for more than two years of a term to which some other person was elected President shall be elected to the office of the President more than once. But this Article shall not apply to any person holding the office of President when this Article was proposed by the Congress, and shall not prevent any person who may be holding the office of President, or acting as President, during the term within which this Article becomes operative from holding the office of President or acting as President during the remainder of such term. PRESIDENT CAN ONLY SERVE 2 TERMS

A

22d Amendment

27
Q

Sect. 1. The eighteenth article of amendment to the Constitution of the United States is hereby repealed.

Sect. 2. The transportation or importation into any State, Territory, or possession of the United States for delivery or use therein of intoxicating liquors, in violation of the laws thereof, is hereby prohibited.
REPEAL OF PROHIBITION

A

21st Amendment

28
Q

After one year from the ratification of this article the manufacture, sale or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited. BANNED SALE, USE, AND DISTRIBUTION OF ALCOHOL - PROHIBITION

A

18th Amendment

29
Q

All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law, nor deny any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. MADE PEOPLE OF ALL ETHNIC GROUPS CITIZENS WITH THE RIGHT TO VOTE

A

14th Amendment

30
Q

The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude

A

15th Amendment

31
Q

After a bill is introduced in the U.S. House of Representatives, a bill clerk assigns it a number that begins with H.R.. Then, a reading clerk reads the bill to all the Representatives, and the Speaker of the House sends the bill where?

A

to a House committee
committee members—groups of Representatives who are experts on topics such as agriculture, education, or international relations—review, research, and revise the bill before voting on whether or not to send the bill back to the House floor.

32
Q

What fraction of Congress is needed to override a presidential veto?

A

2/3 of both houses

33
Q

What happens if a president vetoes a bill?

A

the bill is sent back to the U.S. House of Representatives, along with the President’s reasons for the veto. If the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate still believe the bill should become a law, they can hold another vote on the bill. If two-thirds of the Representatives and Senators support the bill, the President’s veto is overridden and the bill becomes a law.

34
Q

What is impeachment? What happens?

A

After an official has been impeached, or formally charged, a trial is held to determine whether or not the official will be removed from office. In the US Federal Government, the House of Representatives impeaches government officials and the trial takes place before the Senate.

35
Q

Other than removal from office, what penalties could someone face if convicted at an impeachment trial?

A

criminal or civil punishment - jail time

36
Q

What are the requirements to be a US senator?

A

To be a senator a person must be at least 30 years old, a U.S. citizen for at least 9 years, and have fulfilled the requirements for residency in the state that person wishes to represent.

37
Q

What are the requirements to be a US President?

A

The Constitution gives three eligibility requirements to be president: one must be 35 years of age, a resident “within the United States” for 14 years, and a “natural born Citizen,” a term not defined in the Constitution.

38
Q

What are three rights in the 5th amendment?

A

RIGHT TO A GRAND JURY, PROTECTION FROM SELF INCRIMINATION AND PROTECTION FROM DOUBLE JEOPARDY - “No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a grand jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia, when in actual service in time of war or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.”

39
Q

What is a bill?

A

a proposed law

40
Q

the forgiveness of a crime and the cancellation of the relevant penalty; it is usually granted by a head of state

A

pardon

41
Q

the official record of the proceedings and debates of the United States Congress. It is published by the United States Government Printing Office, and is issued when the United States Congress is in session.

A

Congressional Record

42
Q

the principle that the authority of the government is created and sustained by the consent of its people, through their elected representatives (Rule by the People), who are the source of all political power

A

Popular Sovereignty

43
Q

Name at least one power the President has according to the Constitution.

A
  1. appoint people to fill high-level positions in the administration
  2. grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offences against the United States, except in Cases of Impeachment
  3. veto power
  4. make treaties and appoint ambassadors
44
Q

the principle or system of vesting in 3 different branches the executive, legislative, and judicial powers of a government

A

separation of powers

45
Q

A law that makes illegal an act that was legal when committed, increases the penalties for an infraction after it has been committed, or changes the rules of evidence to make conviction easier.

A

ex post facto law

46
Q

to accuse (a public official) before an appropriate tribunal of misconduct in office

A

impeach

47
Q

the right, power, or authority to administer justice by hearing and determining controversies

A

jurisdiction

48
Q

the subjecting of a person to a second trial or punishment for the same offense for which the person has already been tried or punished

A

double jeopardy

49
Q

the summoning of witnesses or the submission of evidence, as records or documents, before a court or other deliberative body - to be called as a witness

A

subpoena

8th grade (8 decks)

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