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sys path > URT > Flashcards

URT Flashcards

1
Q

What is life-threatening sequelae to palatoschisis (cleft palate)

A

inability to suckle & aspiration pneumonia

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2
Q

What lesions are associated with brachycephalic airway syndrome?

A

stenotic nares, elongated soft palate, everted laryngeal saccules &hypoplastic/collapsed trachea

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3
Q

What are gross changes in tracheal collapse?

A

dorsoventral narrowing of trachea & widened dorsal tracheal membrane (misshapen/shallow rings)

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4
Q

What are the causative agents for Kennel cough?

A

Canine adenovirus 2, canine parainfluenza virus, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Mycoplasma cynos

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5
Q

Effects of nasal aspergillosis

A

mucoid nasal discharge, hemorrhage, lysis & destruction of nasal turbinate

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6
Q

Feline herpesvirus1 signs

A

rhinitis, conjunctivitis, dendritic corneal ulcers ~ oral ulcerations are rare!

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7
Q

Feline calicivirus signs

A

necrotizing bronchiolitis & brochointerstitial pneumonia

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8
Q

virulent systemic feline calcivirus

A

causes tissue edema, interstitial pneumonia, pancreatic/ fat/ intestinal crypt necrosis~ rare & rapidly fatal

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9
Q

How does cryptococcus evade the immune system?

A

thick polysaccharide capsule & melanin production (allows for immune system evasion)

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10
Q

What are common agents affiliated with cryptococcosis?

A

Cryptococcus neoformans & C. gatti

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11
Q

What are the complicated forms of Strangles?

A

i. Bastard strangles- disseminated disease involving metastatic abscesses (liver, brain & joints)
ii. Myocarditis
iii. Necrotizing pneumonia
iv. Purpura hemorrhagica

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12
Q

Typical lesions in Strangles?

A

suppurative rhinitis/lymphadenitis & guttural pouch empyema

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13
Q

Equine influenza (strain & signs)

A

a. Current strain: H3N8

b. Signs: fever, severe cough, mucopurulent discharge

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14
Q

Necrotic laryngitis- gross changes

A

causes necrosis, ulceration & inflammation of laryngeal mucosa

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15
Q

Atrophic rhinitis lesions

A

chronic inflammation and atrophy of nasal turbinate

agents:
Bordetella bronchiseptica, Pasteurella multocida

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16
Q

Sheep nasal bot fly

A

a. Flies deposits larva in nostrils (nasal cavity & sinus) causes chronic, erosive & mucopurulent rhinitis/sinusitis
b. Affecting goats & dogs

17
Q

Feline nasopharyngeal polyps

A

a. Tissue origins arise from nasal mucosa, pharyngeal mucosa, or mucosa of middle ear/auditory tube
b. Typical behavior- inflamed & non-neoplastic

18
Q

Progressive ethmoid hematomas- gross feature

A

unilateral hemorrhagic submucosal masses

19
Q

Progressive ethmoid hematomas- clinical features

A

occurs in older horses, progressive & continues to enlarge extending past external nares

20
Q

Nasal carcinoma- behavioral pattern

A

i. locally aggressive, destructive & can infiltrate the cribriform plate & invade cranial vault- in dog & cats

21
Q

nasal neuroendocrine carcinoma- behavioral pattern

A

i. similar to nasal carcinoma, with higher propensity to invade cribriform plate & brain- in dogs & horses

22
Q

olfactory neuroblastoma- behavioral pattern

A

i. nasal carcinoma, with higher propensity to invade cribriform plate & brain- rare but occur in cats & dogs

23
Q

Tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma

A

a. Expected behavior pattern: onset of 10 years with predisposed GSD arising from tonsillar crypt epithelium –> Locally aggressive
b. Higher metastatic rate compared to SCC

24
Q

“standard” squamous cell carcinoma

A

a. Expected behavior pattern: arise from stratified squamous epithelium (URT mucosa), that is locally aggressive/ invasive with a lower metastatic potential.

25
Q

What is the round cell tumor of the upper respiratory tract, that it is typically seen in cats?

A

Lymphoma

26
Q

What spp. typically see lymphoma?

A

a. typically seen in cats & the majority are B cell lymphomas.

27
Q

What are the agents associated with enzootic nasal tumors (sheep & goats(?

A

ovine ENTV-1 (sheep) & caprine ENTV-2 (goat); these are related to jaagsiekta sheep retrovirus

sys path (8 decks)

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