Joint Pathology

Question 1

What are the different stages of articular cartilage injury?

Answer 1

Fibrillation, Erosion, Eburnation

Question 2

What is the reaction of synovium to injury?

Answer 2

a. Hypertrophy & hyperplasia
b. Pannus ( granulation tissue on articular cartilage surface)
c. Inflammation- small # lymphocytes & plasma cells

Question 3

degenerative joint disease can potentially develop …

Answer 3

develop from any condition that causes articular cartilage damage, causes joint instability, or causes abnormal directional forces on the joint.

Question 4

What are different routes for an infectious arthritis?

Answer 4

a. direct penetrating trauma or due to a systemic infection (bacterial, viral, fungal & protozoal)

Question 5

What are the different forms of osteochondrosis?

Answer 5

Osteochondrosis latens
Osteochondrosis manifesta
osteochondrosis dissecans

Question 6

What are different types of IVDD?

Answer 6

i. Type I- sudden &
common in chondrodystrophic breeds~ characterized by acute onset of pain, paresis or paralysis
ii. Type II- slower & more common in non-chondrodystrophic breeds
a. Characterized as less severe spinal cord/ peripheral nerve root damage & milder clinical signs compared to Type I

Question 7

Cervical Vertebral Malformation Malarticulation

Answer 7

affecting horses & dogs, & leads to axonal injury or degradation from spinal cord compression

Question 8

What is the most common joint tumor?

Answer 8

Histiocytic sarcoma

Question 9

What is biological behavior of histiocytic sarcoma?

Answer 9

poorer prognosis that is locally aggressive with metastatic potential ( LN, liver, lung & spleen)

Question 10

What is synovial myxoma?

Answer 10

A benign joint neoplasm