Urology/Renal

Question 1

What is the single best predictor of CHF progression

Answer 1

proteinuria

Question 2

CKD stages

Answer 2

stage 1 >90
stage 2 60-89
stage 3 30-59
stage 4 15-29
stage 5 <15

Question 3

PCKD

Answer 3

autosomal dom, HTN, hematuria, abd, flank and back pain

Question 4

Tx for PCKD

Answer 4

ACEI/ARBs

Question 5

eosinophilia, allergic rxn to meds

Answer 5

Acute interstitial nephritis

Question 6

inferior urethral obstruction that REFERS pain to ipsilateral labia or testicle

Answer 6

hydronephrosis

Question 7

Nephrotic syndrom

Answer 7

Na dec
Albumin dec
Proteinuria >3.5
Hyperlipidemia
Renal vein thrombosis
Orbital edema
Thromboembolism
Infection
Coagulability

Question 8

fatty casts, sudsy urine, maltese cross

Answer 8

Nephrotic syndrome

Question 9

Tx for nephrotic syndrome

Answer 9

glucocorticoids

Question 10

Dx for renal artery stenosis

Answer 10

gadolinium enhanced MRI

Question 11

Tx for renal artery stenosis

Answer 11

angioplasty, ACEI or ARBs

Question 12

What is fibromuscular dysplasia associated with

Answer 12

Renal artery stenosis

Question 13

what meds do you have to d/c with AKI

Answer 13

ACEI bc it blocks angiotensin induced inc in resistance to maintain GFR

Question 14

muddy brown casts

Answer 14

acute tubular necrosis

Question 15

mc cause of hemolytic uremic syndrome in kids

Answer 15

hemolytic uremic syndrome

Question 16

E. coli O:157

Answer 16

HUS

Question 17

blood diarrhea, seizures, lethargy, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, renal insuff

Answer 17

HUS

Question 18

Tx for anemia of CKD

Answer 18

darbepoetin or eop alpha

Question 19

aspirin (salicylate) tox causes what pH imbalance

Answer 19

mixed resp and metabolic acidosis

Question 20

Tx for contrast induced AKI

Answer 20

stop kidney processed meds
N-acetylcystine + IV fluid
po prednisone and Benadryl

Question 21

MC RCC

Answer 21

epithial cells of PCT

Question 22

Dx for testicular ca

Answer 22

US then if positive then BHCG, alpha fetoprotein and LDH

NEVER BX

Question 23

tx testicular ca

Answer 23

radical inguinal orchiectomy

Question 24

MC prostate ca

Answer 24

adenocarcinoma

Question 25

gonorrhea tx

Answer 25

``` uncomp = ceftriaxone 250 mg IM PIC = ceftriaxone + doxy Disseminated = IV ceftriaxone ```

Question 26

urgency + freq day or night

Answer 26

urge incontinence

Question 27

MC urinary incontinence in elderly pop

Answer 27

urge

Question 28

small vol loss with cough/sneeze

Answer 28

stress incontinence

Question 29

poor strea, incomplete emptying

Answer 29

overflow incontinence

Question 30

complete loss of bladder control

Answer 30

atonic bladder

Question 31

RF for nephrolithiasis

Answer 31

PUD due to large amt calcium intake with food

Question 32

BPH tx

Answer 32

Doxazosin = better urine flow Finasteride = invol of BPH and prostate shrinkage Tamsulosin (alpha blocker SE =dizziness) CYTOKINES CAUSE PROSTATE ENLARGEMENT

Question 33

clue cells

Answer 33

bacterial vaginosis

Question 34

RF for testicular ca

Answer 34

cryptorchism 30x inc risk

Question 35

mc malig in men 15-35

Answer 35

testicular ca