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Inpatient EOR > Pulm > Flashcards

Pulm Flashcards

1
Q

MC pathogen to cause pneumonia in alcoholics

A

Klebsiella pneum

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2
Q

MC pathogen to cause pneumonia in COPD

A

Haemophilus pneumo

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3
Q

MC pathogen to cause pneumonia in CF

A

pseudomonas

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4
Q

MC pathogen to cause pneumonia in young athletes, college

A

Mycoplasma pneumo

Chlamydia pneumo

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5
Q

MC pathogen to cause pneumonia in AC/aerosolized water

A

Legionella pneumo

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6
Q

MC pathogen to cause pneumonia in postsplenectomy

A

Encapsulated organisms
Strep pneumo
Haemophilus pneumo

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7
Q

MC pathogen to cause pneumonia in leukemia, lymphoma

A

fungus

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8
Q

MC pathogen to cause pneumonia in children <1 y

A

RSV

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9
Q

MC pathogen to cause pneumonia in <2 y

A

Parainfluenza virus

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10
Q

Acute bronchitis etiology

A

MC = viral & after URI (Adenovirus, influenza, parainfluenza, coronavirus, rhinovirus, coxsackie, RSV)

Bacterial → S. pneumo, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, Mycoplasma

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11
Q

Acute bronchitis tx

A

Symptomatic = ToC (MC viral)

Fluids, Rest, Antipyretic/pain reliever (acetaminophen)

Productive cough → cough expectorant (Guaifenesin- Mucinex)

Non-productive cough → cough suppressants in adults (Dextromethorphan - Robitussin/DayQuil)

+/- Bronchodilators (Albuterol)

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12
Q

tram track

A

bronchiectasis

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13
Q

MC cause of bronchiectasis

A

CF (usu d/t pseudomonas)

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14
Q

bronchiectasis tx

A

ABXs
Pseudomonas (CF) → Fluoroquinolone, Zosyn, Aminoglycoside, Cephalosporin
Aspergillus → CCS + Itraconazole
MAC → Clarithromycin + Ethambutol

↓ inflammation → Bronchodilators (Beta agonists, Anticholinergics), Inhaled Steroids (Fluticasone)

Improve Bronchial Hygiene → Chest Physiotherapy

Severe/complicated cases → surgery (resection/transplant)

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15
Q

MC site of carcinoid tumors

A

GI tract

2nd MC =lungs

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16
Q

Carcinoid tumor tx

A

Definitive = Surg excision (often resis to radiation & chemo)
↓ Sxs/secretion of hormones→ Octreotide

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17
Q

MC chronic cause of Cor pulmonale

MC acute cause

A

chronic-COPD

acute-PE

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18
Q

Peaked P waves

A

cor pulmonale

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19
Q

honeycombing and ground glass opacities

A

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

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20
Q

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis tx

A

lung transplant is only cute

somking cessation + corticosteroids for exacerbations

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21
Q

coal workers

A

Pneumoconiosis

22
Q

MC org Typical PNA

A

s. pnuemo

23
Q

MC org Atypical PNA

A

mycoplasma pneumo

24
Q

MC org Hosp acquired PNA

A

pseudomonas, MRSA

25
Q

MC org aspiration PNA

A

Strep, staph, anaerobes

26
Q

currant jelly sputum

A

klebsiella

27
Q

rusty blood tinged sputum

A

strep pneumo

28
Q

green sputum

A

pseudomonas

29
Q

CAP tx

A

macrolides outpt

inpt or underlying chronic dz fluoroquin or B lactam + macrolide

30
Q

Atypical CAP tx

A

M. pneumo and Legionella → erythromycin or doxy

Viral → supportive tx

Chlamydia → tetracycline

31
Q

hosp acq PNA tx

A

Antipseudomonal β-lactam + antipseudomonal FQ

Suspect MRSA: Add Vanco or Linezolid

Suspect Legionella: Add Levofloxacin or Azithromycin

Suspect PJP: Add Bactrim +/- corticosteroids

32
Q

asp PNA tx

A

Clindamycin or Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid

33
Q

MC cause of PNA in adults

A

influenz

34
Q

MC cause of PNA in infants/children

A

RSV

35
Q

bird/bat droppings

A

Histoplasma

36
Q

Define Pulmonary HTN

A

Mean pulmonary arterial press ≥ 25 at rest or 30 mmHg w/exercise

37
Q

Pulmonary HTN tx

A

Primary → Vasoreactivity trial w/ inhaled NO, IV Adenosine or CCB
Vasoreactive: CCBs = 1st line

Definitive = Heart-lung transplant

Secondary → Tx underlying dz (Type III → O2 ↓ mortality; Type IV → anticoagulation = 1st line)

38
Q

Small, round/coin/oval shaped, well circumscribed lesion < 3 cm (mass: > 3 cm)

A

Pulmonary Nodules

39
Q

Pulmonary Neoplasms + gynecomastia

A

adenocarcinoma

40
Q

Pulmonary Neoplasms + cavitary lesions, hypercalcemia and pancoast syn

A

SCC

41
Q

Pulmonary Neoplasms + SIADH/hyponat, cushings, lambert-eation

A

Small/Oat cell

42
Q

Horner’s Syn

A

Mitosis, Ptosis, Anhydrosis d/t cervical cranial symp paralysis)

43
Q

Trousseau’s Syn

A

Venous thrombosis a/w metastatic CA

44
Q

Lambert-Eaton Syn

A

Abs vs Ca gated chan at NMJ → weakness like MG (but improves w/use)

45
Q

Upper Lung Fibrosis locations

A

“CHARTS”

CWP, Histiocytosis/HSN Pneumonitis, Ankylosing Spondylitis, Radiation, TB, Silicosis

46
Q

Lower Lung Fibrosis locations

A

“I SOAR”

IPF (Idiopathic Pulm Fibrosis), Systemic Sclerosis, Others (drug induced), Asbestosis, RA

47
Q

non-caseating granuloma

A

Sarcoidosis

48
Q

Sarcoidosis tx

A

Observation→ most have spontaneous remission in 2 years
Oral corticosteroids
MTX
Hydroxychloroquine

49
Q

bilat hilar lymphadenopathy + noncaseating granulomas

A

sarcoidosis

50
Q

CAP CURB-65

A 
Confusion
Urea >7 mmol/L
RR >30
B SBP <90 or DBP <60
Age >65

1 pt for each 3 or more admit to ICU, 2 prob admit vs out pt, 1 or less outpt

51
Q

airway dilation ang thickening

tram track

A

bronchiectasis

52
Q

honeycombing of lung parenchyma

A

idiopathic pulm fibrosis

Inpatient EOR (12 decks)

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