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Inpatient EOR > Therapeutics > Flashcards

Therapeutics Flashcards

1
Q

1st gen fluoroquinolone

A

ciprofloxacin

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2
Q

2nd gen fluoroquinolone

A

levofolxacin

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3
Q

3rd gen fluoroquinolone

A

moxifloxacin

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4
Q

what does cipro cover

A

G-
NO G+
good for urinary bugs

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5
Q

what does moxifloxacin cover

A

G- AND some G+

good for respiratory bugs

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6
Q

3rd gen cephalosporins

A

ceftazadime and ceftriazone

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7
Q

4th gen cephalosporin

A

cefapime

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8
Q

what do 1st and 2nd gen cephalosporins cover

A

G+

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9
Q

what do 3rd gen cephalosporins cover

A

G- and G+

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10
Q

what do 4th gen cephalosporins cover

A

G- and pseudomonas

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11
Q

Tx for CAP

A

Home: azithromycin po

Hosp: ceftriaxone + azithromycin IV

Alt hosp: moxifloxacin

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12
Q

Tx for hospital acquired pneumo

A

vanc and pip/tazo

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13
Q

tx for meningitis

A

ceftriaxone 2 g
+ vanc
+/- steroids
+/- ampicillin (if immunocomp)

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14
Q

tx for UTI if preg

A

amoxicillin

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15
Q

tx for UTI if female

A

nitrofurantonin

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16
Q

tx for UTI if NO renal failure

A

bactrim

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17
Q

tx for UTI if septic

A

ceftriaxone IV

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18
Q

tx for ambulatory pyelonephritis

A

cipro

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19
Q

tx for cellulitis

A

suspect MRSA

vanc or clinda or bactrim

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20
Q

Tx choice for HTN + heart failure

A

ACEI/ARB + BB + diuretic + spironolactone

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21
Q

Tx choice for HTN + CAD

A

ACEI, BB, diuretic, CCB

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22
Q

Tx choice for HTN + DM

A

ACEI/ARB, CCB, diuretic

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23
Q

Tx choice for HTN + CKD

A

ACEI/ARB

24
Q

Tx choice for HTN + recurrent stroke prevention

A

ACEI, diuretic

25
Q

Tx choice for HTN + pregnancy

A

labetolol (first line), nifedipine, methyldopa

26
Q

Name CCBs

A

amlodipine, felodipine

27
Q

Name ACEIs

A

lisinopril, quinapril, benazepril

28
Q

Name ARBs

A

losartan, valsartan

29
Q

Name thiazides

A

HCTZ, chlorthalidone

30
Q

Name loop diuretics

A

furosemide

31
Q

Name BBs

A

metoprolol, carvedilol, nebivolol

32
Q

Name arterial dilators

A

hydralazine

33
Q

Name venodilators

A

isosorbide dinitrate, mononitrate

34
Q

name aldosterone antagonists

A

spironolactone (gynecomastia), eplerenone (no gynecomastia)

35
Q

SE of CCB

A

peripheral edema
Not in HFrEF

Anti-anginal

36
Q

SE of ACEI

A

↑ K+, ↑Cr, cough, angioedema

Can switch to ARB for any reason
NOT if CKD class IV
37
Q

SE of ARB

A

↑ K+ and ↑ Cr

Not if CKD class IV

38
Q

SE of thiazides

A

↓ K+

Stop if GFR ↓

39
Q

SE of Loops

A

↓ K+

Renal failure, CHF II-IV

40
Q

SE of BB

A

↓ HR

CAD, CHF

41
Q

SE of arterial dilators

A

reflex tachy

CHF

42
Q

SE of venodilators

A

W/ sildenafil causes unsafe drop in BP

CHF

43
Q

SE of Aldosterone antag

A

↑ K+, gynecomastia

CHF

44
Q

SE fo clonidine

A

rebound HTN

NEVER use for HTN

45
Q

SE of methotrexate

A

liver toxicity + inhibits folate

must supplement with folate and check CBC and CMP within 6 wk of starting or increasing dose

46
Q

SE sildenafil

A

cyanopsia (blue discolored vision)

47
Q

CHF meds that dec mortality

A

ACE/ARB
BB
Nitrates + hydralazine
Spironoalctone

48
Q

Meds that dec afterload

A

ACE (1st line for CHF)
ARB
BB
Hydralazine . + Nitrates

49
Q

Meds that dec preload

A

loop diuretics
K sparing diuretics
HCTZ

50
Q

positive inotropes

A

digoxin
dobutamine
dopamine

51
Q

SE bisphosphonates

A

osteonecorsis of jaw

52
Q

SE oxcarbazepine

A

hyponatremia

53
Q

What is the most common side effect of oral sulfonylureas?

A

hypoglycemia

54
Q

Biguanide MOA

A

Metformin

suppres hepatic gluconeogenesis and enhance insulin sensitivity of muscle and fat

55
Q

What DM2 med is CI in pts with pancreatitis

A

Glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists (GLP-1)

56
Q

For every 100 mg/dL of glucose above 100 mg/dL, how much does the sodium level decrease by?

A

It decreases by 1.6 mEq/L

Inpatient EOR (12 decks)

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