UROLOGY Chap 537-547

Question 1

Embryonic devt:

Collecting system completely formed

Answer 1

7th week

*30% of nephrons formed

Question 2

Embryonic devt:

Nephrogenesis complete by..

Answer 2

36th week

Question 3

Fetal GFR

Answer 3

25 ml/min/1.73m²

*triples 3mos post term

Question 4

Rate of urine production of fetal kidneys

Answer 4

50ml/hr

Question 5

Syndrome associated with bilateral renal agenesis

Incompatible with life

Answer 5

POTTER syndrome

P - pulmonary hypoplasia (cause of death)
O - oligohydramnios
T - twisted face (potter facie)
T - twisted skin (wrinkly skin)
E - extermity defect
R - renal agenesis (bilateral)

Question 6

Absent kidney development secondary to defect of the Wolffian duct, ureteric bud, or metanephric blastema

Increased in newborns with SINGLE umbilical ARTERY

Answer 6

Renal agenesis

Question 7

Maldevelopment of the kidneys

Answer 7

Renal dysgenesis

*types: dysplasi, hypoplasia, cystic

Question 8

Congenital
Kidney is replaced by cysts, and does not fynction
Usually unilateral

MCC of an abdominal mass in the newborn

Answer 8

Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney (MCDK)

*bilateral - incompatible with life

Question 9

Small, nondysplastic kidney with fewer than normal number of calyces and nephrons

Answer 9

Renal hypoplasia

• unilateral - incudental finding
• bilateral - leading cause of ESRD in 1st decade of life (polyuria and polydipsia)

Question 10

Small kidneys (weight not more than 35g)
1 or more deep grooves on the lateral convexity
Parenchyma consists of tubules resembling those in THYROID GLANDS

Severe hypertension by 10yrs old

Answer 10

Ask - Upmark kidney (segmental hypoplasia)

*Nephrectomy controls hypertension

Question 11

Lower poles of the kidneys fuse

*associated with TURNER SYNDROME

Answer 11

Horseshoe kidney

*high risk for developing Wilms tumor

Question 12

Abdomina/flank pain, fever, malaise, nausea, vomiting

Answer 12

Pyelonephritis

Question 13

Renal mass caused by acute focal infecyion without liquefaction

Answer 13

Acute lobar nephronia

Question 14

UTI with bladder involvement

Sx: dysuria, urgency, frequency, suprapubic pain, incontinence, malodorous urine

Answer 14

Cystitis

Question 15

Cystitis more common in boys
Self limiting
(+) hematuria lasting for 4 days

Answer 15

Adenovirus cystitis

Question 16

Rare form of cystitis that occurs when exposed to allergens
(+) hematuria
Imaging: multiple solid bladder masses
(+) eosinophilic infiltrates in bladder masses
(+) ureteral dilation and hydronephrosis

Answer 16

Eosinophilic cystitis

Question 17

Cytitus common in adolescent girls
(+) irritative voiding symptoms (bladder and pelvic pain, dysuria, urgency, frequency)
Cystoscopic observation: mucosal ulcers with bladder distention

*negative urine culture

Answer 17

Interstitial cystitis

Question 18

Positive urine culture without any manifestations of infection

Answer 18

Asymptomatic bacteriuria