Bone & Joints Flashcards
Head control
3-6 months
Sitting
6-9 months
Crawling
8 months
Pulling to stand
8 - 12 months
Ambulating
12-18 months
Adult fluid gait patterns
3 years old
Adult like gait pattern
7 years old
Short stride length, fast cadence, slow velocity, wide- based stance
Early ambulation
Gait cycle
Heel strike, toe off, swing, heel strike
Weak abnormal hip abductors
Trendelenburg gait
Imaging modality of choice for defining exact anatomic extent of most musculoskeletal lessons
MRI
Foot dorsiflexed & everted
Occasionally dorsum of foot/toes in contact with lower leg
Seen in newborn due to in utero positioning
Calcaneovalgus feet
Malalignment of calcaneotalarnavicular complex
CAVE (Cavus, Adductus, Varus, Equinus)
Examination shows forefoot cavus and adductus & hindfoot varus & equinus
Talipes Equinivaru (Clubfoot)
Painful, rigid, flatfoot deformity
Symptomatic on 2nd decade of life
Recurrent ankle sprains
Hindfoot pain increased with activity
Tarsal coalition or peroneal spastic foot
Plantarflexionnof fore/midfoot on hindfoot
Elevation of the medial longitudinal arch
Usually with neuromuscular etiology
Cavus feet
Idiopathic avascular necrosis of bone
Self-linited, activity related
Tx: restriction of activity
Osteochondroses
Oateochondroses of tarsal navicular bone
Köhler disease
Oateochondroses of 2nd or 3rd metatarsal head
Freiberg infraction
Inflammation at the thendinous insertion of a muscle
Aphophysitis
Inflammation at the thendinous insertion of a muscle
Aphophysitis
Most common cause of heel pain in children
Tx: activity modification, NSAIDS, stretching exercises, heel cusions or arch support
Calcaneal aphophysitis (Sever disease)
Most common toe deformity
Pokydactyly
