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A. PEDIA BOARD REVIEW > Allergology Chap 140-152 > Flashcards

Allergology Chap 140-152 Flashcards

1
Q

Drug of choice for the treatment of anaphylaxis

A

Epinephrine

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2
Q

Effective treatment for allergic NASAL disease

A

Alpha-adrenergic agents

  • decongestant effect
  • vasoconstiriction -> decrease nasal congestion
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3
Q

S8de effect of alpha adrenegic agents

A 
Rhinitis medicamentosa (rebound nasal congestion)
- must not be given for more than 3 days
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4
Q

Inflammatory disorder of the nasal mucosa

Nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, itching, often accompanied by sneezing & conjuctival inflammation

A

Allergic Rhinitis

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5
Q

Main cause of allergic rhinitis

A

Inhalant allergens

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6
Q

Sneezing, rhinorrhea, nasal itching & congestion
Clear nasal secretions, edematous, boggy and bluish nasal mucosa
Elevated serum IgE
Positive allergy skin test

A

Allergic Rhinitis

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7
Q 
Allergic Rhinitis (AR) occuring in <4day/week
No change in sleep and daily activities
A

Mild Intermittent AR

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8
Q 
Allergic Rhinitis (AR) occuring in >4day/week
Sleep disturbances and impairment in daily activities
A

Moderate to severe Persistent AR

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9
Q

Chronic inflammatory condition of the lung airways resulting in episodic airflow obstruction
Airway hyperresponsiveness

A

Asthma

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10
Q

Strongest identifiable factor for the persistence of childhood asthma

A

Allergy in young children with recurrent cough &/or wheeze

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11
Q

MC chronic symptoms of asthma

A

Intermittent dry coughing & expiratory wheezing

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12
Q

T/F: Respiratory symptoms in asthma are worse at night

A

True

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13
Q

T/F: Asthma produces clubbing

A

False

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14
Q

Objective measure of airflow limitation

A

Spirometry

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15
Q

Management of INTERMITTENT ASTHMA

A

SABA as needed

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16
Q

Preferred treatment for all patients with PERSISTENT ASTHMA

A

Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS)

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17
Q

Not intended for use as rescue medication in Asthma

A

Long acting Beta agonist (LABA)

- Salmeterol, Formoterol

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18
Q

May be used to reduce exercise-induced bronchospasm

A

Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory agents

- Cromolyn, nedocromil (taken off market)

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19
Q

Drug of choice for ACUTE asthma symptoms

A

Short acting beta agonists (SABA)

- Albuterol, levabuterol, terbutaline, pirbuterol

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20
Q

T/F: Chest physiotherapy, incentive spirometry and mucolytics are NOT RECOMMENDED in the early acute period of asthma exacerbations

A

True.

They can trigger severe bronchoconstriction

21
Q

Preferred SABA for pregnant women

A

Albuterol

22
Q

Preferred ICS for pregnant women

A

Budesonide

23
Q

MC chronic relapsing skin disease in infancy & childhood

A

Atopic Dermatitis or Eczema

24
Q

Skin lesions characterized with marked intercellular edema (SPONGIOSIS)
With noted marked perivenular T-cell infiltrate with occasional monocyte-macrophages

A

Acute Atopic Dermatitis

25
Q

Characterized by hyperplastic epidermis with hyperkeratosis and minimal spongiosis

A

Chronic, lichenified Atopic Dermatitis (AD)

26
Q

Hallmark of Atopic Dermatitis

A

Severely Dry skin

27
Q

Infant, who came in with intenesely pruritic, erythematous papules on the face, scalp and extensor surfaces of the extremities
Noted to have dry lackluster skin

A

Acute Atopic Dermatitis

28
Q

Child who came in with noted thickened skin lesions with accenuated surface markings (lichenification), and fibrotic papules on the flexural folds
With intense pruritus, especially at night
Chronically relapsing rashes when exposed to pollen (allergens)

A

Chronic Atopic Dermatitis

29
Q

Cardinal features of Atopic Dermatitis (2)

A

Intense pruritus, especially at night

Cutaneous reactivity

30
Q

Cornerstone of anti-inflammatory treatment for acute Atopic Dermatitis

A

Topical corticosteroids

31
Q

MC hypersensitivity response of the eye

A

Allergic Conjunctivitis

32
Q

Bilateral ocular itching, increased tearing, watery discharge

Pe: bilateral conjunctival injection with congestion, conjunctival swelling (chemosis)

A

Allergic Conjunctivitis

33
Q

Severe Bilateral Chronic Inflammatory process of the Upper Tarsal Conjunctival surface

Potentially sight threateninb with involvement of the cornea

A

Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis

34
Q

Patient came with SEVERE ocular itching exacerbated with exposure to light and perspiration. Note pf photophobia, foreign-body sensation and lacrimation
With history of atopy

Pe: giant papillae on the upper tarsal plate (COBBLESTONING); Stringy, ropey discharge; transient yellow-white points in the Limbus (Trantas dots) & conjuctiva (Horner points), long eyelashes

A

Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis

35
Q

Chronic inflammatory ocular disorder most common in the LOWER tarsal conjunctiva

Sight-threathening

Associated with Atopic dermatitis

A

Atopic Keratoconjunctivitis

36
Q

Severe bilateral ocular itching, burninh, photophobia & tearing with MUCOID discharge, and persists throughout the year

Secondary staphylococcal blepharitis is common

A

Atopic Keratoconjunctivitis

37
Q

Mild bilateral ocular itching, tearing, foreign-body sensation with mild mucoid discharge that is clear on awakening but becomes thick ang stringy due to chronic exposure to FOREIGN BODIES

A

Giant Papillary Conjunctivitis

38
Q

Erythematous, pruritic, raised wheal that blanches with pressure, transient, and resolves without residual lesions

A

Urticaria (Hives)

39
Q

Lesions that burn more than itch, lasts for >24h, DO NOT BLANCH, blister, heal with SCARRING, or may have bleedinh into the skin (purpura)

A

Urticarial Vasculitis

40
Q

Development of localized pruritus, erythema and urticaria AFTER EXPOSURE to COLD STIMULUS

A

Cold Urticaria

41
Q

Onset of Small, Punctate, pruritic wheals surrounded by a prominent erythematous flare
Associated with EXERCISE, HOT SHOWERS, & SWEATING

A

Cholinergic Urticaria

42
Q

Ability to write on skin

A

Dermatographism or Urticaria Factitia

43
Q

Noted cellular infiltrates predominantly around small venules
Not an allergic reaction
Skin reveals infiltrative hives with palpably elevated borders varying greatly in size and shape
Biopsy: non necrotizing, perivascular, mononuclear cellular infiltration

A

Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria & Angioedema

44
Q

MC cause of Acute Urticaria

A

Drug

Food

45
Q

Serious allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and may cause death

A

Anaphylaxis

46
Q

An example of Type III hypersensitivity reaction caused by antigen-antibody complexes

It is a systemic, immune complex-mediated hypersensitivity vasculitis attributed to THERAPEUTIC ADMINISTRATION of FOREIGN serum proteins

A

Serum sickness

47
Q

Child came in due to edema and erythema of the right deltoid. Noted to be given antitetanus toxoid in the site 7 days prior. Also complains of fever, myalgia, arthralgia and URTICARIAL rashes

Labs: thrombocytopenia in cbc, ua showed microscopic hematuria, mild proteinuria, C3 is low

A

Serum sickness

48
Q

T/F: Serum sickness can be prevented by desensitization and pretreatment with corticosteroids

A

FALSE

A. PEDIA BOARD REVIEW (13 decks)

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