urologic evaluation of hematuria

Question 1

source of bleed if hematuria is at beginning of stream

Answer 1

urethral source

Question 2

most common causes of hematuria

Answer 2

idiopathic
infection
stone
tumor

Question 3

painless hematuria is usually due to

Answer 3

tumors or cancers

Question 4

standard work up for hematuria (4 steps)

Answer 4

urinalysis
cytology
cystoscopy
upper tract imaging

Question 5

test to do to find out source of blood

Answer 5

urinalysis

Question 6

used to assess for cancerous cells

Answer 6

cytology

Question 7

allows you to see lower urinary tract

Answer 7

cystoscopy

Question 8

allows you to see upper urinary tract

Answer 8

CT urogram +/- contrast

Question 9

terminal hematuria is due to

Answer 9

bladder irritation or prostate

Question 10

hematuria throughout is due to a problem in

Answer 10

bladder ureter or kidneys

Question 11

angiomyolipoma

Answer 11

most common benign tumor of kidney that has fat, blood and muscle

Question 12

treatment of AML

Answer 12

only when very large

embolization or nephrectomy

Question 13

kidney tumor symptoms

Answer 13

mostly asymptomatic

10% have flank pain, palpable mass and hematuria

Question 14

AML is associated with

Answer 14

tuberous sclerosis

Question 15

kidney tumor evaluation

Answer 15

CT scan or MRI

CXR, CBC LFTs

Question 16

kidney cancer surgery options

Answer 16

radical nephrectomy
partial nephrectomy (only remove tumors)

Question 17

treatment for small kidney tumors

Answer 17

probe cryoablation

Question 18

initial test for renal cell carcinoma

Answer 18

CT scan

Question 19

most kidney tumors are found______

Answer 19

incidentally

Question 20

renal cell carcinoma

Answer 20

tumor of PCT cells

Question 21

most common histological pattern of RCC

Answer 21

clear cell

Question 22

painful hematuria is usually due to

Answer 22

infection or stones

Question 23

kidney cancer is resistant to

Answer 23

chemo and radiation

Question 24

common METS of RCC

Answer 24

lungs and bone

Question 25

struvite stones are due to

Answer 25

UTIs due to urea splitting organisms

Question 26

AML can be diagnosed by

Answer 26

CT, can see dark fat

Question 27

tumor most commonly seen in children in first 5 yrs of life

Answer 27

nephroblastoma (wilms tumor)

Question 28

most common renal malignant in children

Answer 28

nephroblastoma

Question 29

clinical manifestation of nephroblastoma

Answer 29

palpable abdominal mass
hematuria
constipation

Question 30

diagnosis of nephroblastoma

Answer 30

abdominal US

Question 31

what color are kidney tumors and why

Answer 31

yellow due to high amounts of fat