testicular cancer Flashcards
types of germ cell tumors
seminomas and nonseminomas
most common type of testicular cancer
germ cell tumors
nongerm cell tumors
Leydig cell
Sertoli cell
Granulosa cell
risk factors for testicular cancer
cryptorchidism klinefelter syndrome Down syndrome hypospadias fmhx
tx for cryptorchidism
orchiopexy
alpha-fetoprotein and beta-hcg are increased in
nonseminomas
tumor type that is resistant to radiation
nonseminomas
initial test of choice for testicular mass
scrotal ultrasound
tumor markers that are increased in testicular cancer
AFP
LDH
beta-hcg
beta hcg can be elevated in
nonseminomas and seminomas
what imaging is needed to stage testicular cancer
CT of abdomen, pelvis and chest
clinical manifestation of testicular cancer
painless mass
maybe dull pain
firm hard fixed mass
treatment for all pts with suspected testicular cancer
radical orchiectomy
slow growing testicular tumor
seminomas
stage 1 tumor
confine to testis
stage II tumor
limited to testis and retroperitoneal lymph nodes
stage IIa LN size
< or equal to 2 cm
stage IIC LN size
> 5 cm
stage III lymph nodes
present above the diaphragm
hypoechoic mass on US
seminoma
cystic nonhomogenous mass on US
nonseminomas
stage I seminoma treatment
active surveillance
stage I nonseminoma with high risk features tx
BEP x 1 cycle
stage II nonseminoma tx
BEP 3 cycles
bleomycin can cause
pulmonary toxicity
negative transillumination indicates
testicular tumor
BEP regimen
bleomycin
etoposide
cisplatin
