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Microbiology Exam 4 > Urogenital & Sexually Transmitted Infections > Flashcards

Urogenital & Sexually Transmitted Infections Flashcards

1
Q

Is the urinary tract free of microbes? Except at?

A

Yes

Except at the opening of urethra

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2
Q

What does UTI mean?

A

Urinary tract infection

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3
Q

What does urethritis mean?

A

Inflammation of the urethra

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4
Q

What does cystitis mean?

A

Inflammation of the bladder & urethra

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5
Q

What does pyrlonephritis mean?

A

Inflammation of the kidneys

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6
Q

Are cystitis common in females?

A

Yes

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7
Q

What is the most common organism to cause UTI? (#1 cause )

A

E. coli

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8
Q

What are the risk factors of cystitis? (2)

A

Sexual intercourse
Improper hygiene ( back to front )

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9
Q

What are the symptoms of cystitis?

A

Dysuria
Frequent ruination
Hematuria

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10
Q

What does dysuria mean?

A

Painful urination

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11
Q

What does hematuria mean?

A

Blood in urine

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12
Q

What is the treatment of cystitis?

A

Fluroquinolones, bactrim
( antibiotics )

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13
Q

If someone who doesn’t get treated for their UTI, what can happen?
( and danger of ?)

A

Pyelonephritis
( complication if the infection reaches the kidneys )
( danger of septicemia )

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14
Q

Is cystitis an sti?

A

No
( for the time being, we aren’t considering it as one cause it’s mainly due to improper hygiene)

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15
Q

What are the 3 bacterial STI?

A

Gonorrhea
Chlamydi
Syphilis

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16
Q

What is the 1 viral sti ?

A

Genital warts

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17
Q

How many new cases of sti in the United States annually?

A

20 million

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18
Q

Half of the 20million are from what age group?

A

15-24 year olds

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19
Q

What does those 20million cases and half of them being 15-25 years old mean?

A

Unprotected/not safe sex

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20
Q

What is Gonorrhea?
( stain, shape )

A

Gram negative
Diplococci

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21
Q

What is the bacteria for gonorrhea?

A

Neisseria gonorrhea

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22
Q

What is the transmission of gonorrhea?

A

Sexual contact & hands

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23
Q

How does the transmission work for getting gonorrhea?

A

Inflammation -> WBC -> pus

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24
Q

What are the primary symptoms in males?

A

Urethral discharge, painful urination

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25
What is the primary symptom for females of gonorrhea?
Vagina discharge, abdominal pain, very asymptomatic
26
Why is gonorrhea typically asymptomatic for females?
Cause we associate it as just our normal discharge
27
Can we treat the primary symptoms of gonorrhea? And with what?
Yes Antibiotics
28
What are the untreated symptoms travel to of males and females for gonorrhea?
Males - go into testes Females - go into fallopian tubes
29
What is the more severe cause of untreated gonorrhea in females?
Pelvic inflammatory disease ( PID ) - also may result in chlamydia
30
What are the complications of an untreated gonorrhea ?
Meningitis Eye infection Joint infection
31
What is ophthalmia neonatorum ?
Infection in the eyes of a newborn of the mother has gonorrhea when passing her baby from the birth canal
32
How do we diagnosis gonorrhea?
Isolate white blood cells inside gram negative dipoccoci in urethral discharge or cervical swab
33
What is the treatment of gonorrhea?
Antibiotics
34
What is a rare complication of gonorrhea?
Arthritis
35
What is the best way to prevent gonorrhea?
Condoms !!!
36
What is non gonococcal urethritis?
Chlamydia !!
37
Is chlamydia the number 1 sti in the United States?
Yes
38
What is chlamydia Trachomatis?
Obligate intracellular Parasite
39
How is chlamydia ( non gonococcoal urethritis ) transmitted by?
Sexual contact
40
What are the symptoms of chlamydia?
Painful urination ( no pus )
41
What is the big difference between gonorrhea and chlamydia?
Gonorrhea - pus Chlamydia - no pus
42
What is syphilis bacteria?
Treponema palldium
43
What is treponema palldium? ( stain and shape ?)
Gram negative Spirochete
44
Syphilis is very common in?
Young gay men
45
Syphilis and HIV usually pair together ?
Yes
46
How is syphilis transmitted by?
Sexual contact
47
What is the primary stage for syphilis and is it infectious?
Chancre ( non painful ulcer ) Very infectious
48
Can we cure the chancre in syphilis? And with what?
Yes and antibiotics
49
What is the secondary stage of syphilis and is it infectious?
Rash on skin and mouth ( Palms and soles of the feet ) Very infectious
50
Can we treat the second stage of syphilis ? And with what?
Yes Antibiotics
51
What is the tertiary stage of syphilis? And Is it infectious?
Gummas ( granulomas ) ( skin, bone and tissue Damage ) Not infectious
52
Before reaching the tertiary stage, is syphilis latent? And for how long?
Yes 10-20 years
53
Can we cure Syphillus at its third phase?
Nope
54
How do we diagnosis syphillus?
Looking under microscope for the presence of treponema palldium
55
Is there a vaccine for syphilis?
No
56
What is congenital syphillus?
Mother to fetus
57
What are the symptoms of congenital syphilis?
Saber skin Saddle nose Hutchinson teeth Mental disabilities
58
What is genital warts ( virus, naked or Envelopd, double or single, dna or dna ?)
Human papilloma virus Naked Double Dna
59
How many types of warts are there?
60 type
60
What are the main strains of warts ? Numbers?
16,18,11,6
61
Where can we find warts on someone?
Genital Fingers
62
How can we detect warts?
Pap smear
63
What is the treatment of warts?
Freezing nitrogen gas Acid burning Laser therapy
64
HPV causes what type of cancer?
Penile and cervical
65
What are the strains of warts that causes cancer?
16,18
66
What are the strains of warts that causes just the warts?
11,6
67
What are the risk factors for genital warts?
Multiple partners Early age of sex Smoking
68
Is there a vaccine for HPV? Name and type?
Garsadil Subunit
69
Gardsail has how many types of strains ?
4 (6,11, 16,18)
70
The new vaccine for HPV detaches how many strains of warts?
Over 9
71
When is the best time to get vaccinated for HPV?
11-12 years old
72
Gardasil vaccine is for what age group?
9-26 year old
73
The new vaccine can let you take the vaccine at what age?
Up to 45
74
HPV vaccine helps prevent cancer and lasts forever as of now?
Yes

Microbiology Exam 4 (6 decks)

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