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Microbiology Exam 4 > Diseases Of The Digestive System > Flashcards

Diseases Of The Digestive System Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the main route for digestive system ?

A

Fecal - oral

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2
Q

What does it mean fecal to oral route?

A

Contaminated food and water

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3
Q

What is the prevention of fecal to oral rote?

A

Good sewage treatment
Disinfection of drinking water
Proper food handling

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4
Q

Majority of infection that effect the digestive system will effect what organ?

A

Large intestine

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5
Q

What are the 5 bacterial disease of the digestive system?
( S, SA, T, C, E )

A

Staphylococcal food poisoning
Salmonella
Typhoid fever
Cholera
Travelers diaherra ( E. coli gastroenteritis )

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6
Q

What are the viral diseases for the digestive system?

A

Hepatitis

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7
Q

What does food infection mean? And becomes what

A

Pathogen enters the GI tract and multiples
( microbe stay in GI and become Systemic )

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8
Q

What does food intoxication or food poisoning mean?
And symptoms are due to what?

A

Ingestion of an exotoxin
( symptoms are due to the toxin not the microbe )

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9
Q

What does gastroenteritis mean?

A

Inflammation of stomach and intestinal mucosa

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10
Q

What are the common symptoms of digestive diseases?

A

Diarrhea
Abdominal cramps
Nausea & vomiting

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11
Q

What is the disease of the pre formed exotoxin that causes food intoxication?
( that we learned before this )

A

Adult botulism

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12
Q

What is staphylococcus aureus?
( staining, shape and grows)

A

Positive
Coccus
Clusters

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13
Q

Staphylococcus aureus is mainly known for its?
( in digestive sense )

A

Food poisoning

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14
Q

What causes the food poisoning in staphylococcus aureus?

A

Ingestion if pre formed exotoxin

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15
Q

Where are these exotoxins found in? What part of the body?

A

Nasal passages & skin lesions

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16
Q

Can staphylococcus aureus tolerate high salt, organic compound and high temperature?

A

Yes

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17
Q

Where does staphylococcus aureus grow on to cause food poisoning?

A

Grows on food

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18
Q

What are the symptoms of staphylococcus aureus?

A

Diaherria
Stomach pain

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19
Q

Can staphylococcus aureus go away within 24 hours in healthy people?

A

Yes

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20
Q

Once staphylococcus aureus is ingested, the preformed exotoxin is secreted and also known as ?

A

Enterotoxin

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21
Q

What type of foods is staphylococcus aureus mainly known for?

A

Potato salad
Mayonnaise
Tuna fish
( creamy foods )

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22
Q

What is a prevention for staphylococcus aureus?

A

Boil for 30mins to inactive toxin

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23
Q

Will you get sick if you eat the staphylococcus aureus microbe?

A

No

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24
Q

Will you get sick if you eat the preformed exotoxin of staphylococcus aureus?

A

Yes

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25
Q

Exotoxin is a what?

A

Protein

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26
Q

What is salmonella?
( shape and stain?)

A

Gram negative
Rod

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27
Q

Where is salmonella found in?

A

Intestines of animals
( mainly poultry eggs )

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28
Q

What is the bacteria that causes salmonellosis?

A

Salmonella enteritica

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29
Q

What does the cell surface Antigen on a salmonella Enterica tell us? And what are 2 antigens ?

A

Different species

VI - capsule
H - flagella

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30
Q

How long is the food infection for salmonella Enterica?

A

12-36 hours

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31
Q

What are the symptoms of salmonella enteritica ?

A

Fever nausea vomiting

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32
Q

What are the 3 steps of how salmonella enteritica goes in the body?

A
  1. Enters epithelial cells
  2. Multiples in vesicle
  3. Inflammatoryresponse
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33
Q

Can salmonella go on it’s own, and how?

A

Yes within a few days

Main key is hydration

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34
Q

Is there a need for salmonella entertica to have antibiotics?

A

Nah, it’ll go away on its own

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35
Q

Is salmonella Enterica zoonotic?

A

Yes

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36
Q

What is typhoid fever bacteria?

A

Salmonella typhi

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37
Q

What is salmonella Typhi
( gram stain and shape?)

A

Negative
Rod

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38
Q

Is salmonella Typhi, or typhoid fever only a human pathogen?

A

Yes

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39
Q

What are the virulence factors of thyroid fever?

A

Endotoxins

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40
Q

What is the transmission of typhoid fever?

A

Oral to fecal

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41
Q

What are the symptoms of typhoid fever?

A

Fever, rose spots and diaherria later on

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42
Q

What makes typhoid fever symptoms so scary?

A

Internal bleeding
( perforation of intestinal wall )

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43
Q

What is the treatment for typhoid fever?

A

Antibiotics

44
Q

What are the carriers of typhoid fever?

A

( Typhoid Mary )
Food handlers and found in gallbladder (1-3%)

45
Q

What are the 4 F’s in typhoid fever stand for?

A

Feces
Flies
Fingers
Food

46
Q

What is the prevention of typhoid fever?

A

Hand washing
Clean sewage

47
Q

What is the vaccine for typhoid fever? (2)

A

Subunit and live oral vaccine

48
Q

When do we mainly give out the typhoid vaccine?

A

Usually to traveling to places where typhoid fever is endemic

49
Q

What is the bacteria for cholera?

A

Vibrio cholera

50
Q

What is vibrio cholera
( stain, shape)

A

Negative
Rod

51
Q

What is are two major characteristics of cholera?

A

Comma shape
High ph

52
Q

What is cholera transmission?

A

Oral to fecal

53
Q

Are humans the only reservoirs for cholera?

A

Yes

54
Q

How do we get cholera?

A

Contaminated water and undercooked seafood

55
Q

What does cholera do in the body?

A

Adheres to the intestinal lining and produces an exotoxin

56
Q

What is cholera exotoxin?

A

Choleragen

57
Q

What is choleragen (enterotoxin) do?

A

Increases C amp

58
Q

What are the symptoms of cholera?

A

“Rice water” watery diaherra

59
Q

What is the treatment of cholera?

A

Drinking water and replacing electrolytes

60
Q

What is the prevention of cholera?

A

Good water and cooking seafood properly

61
Q

What is the vaccine for cholera? Given what?

A

Killed cell vaccine
( oral )

62
Q

What are some methods to help reduce the risk of cholera?

A

Boiling water
Life straws

63
Q

What is e. Coli gastrroenteitis ?

A

Travelers diaherra

64
Q

What is E. coli?
( stain, shape, anaerobic or aerobe?)

A

Negative
Rod
Facultative anaerobic

65
Q

What is E. coli mainly associated with?

A

Travels diaherria

66
Q

How do you get travers diaherria ?

A

Drinking water that you’re not use to

67
Q

What is the E. coli under travels diarrhea?

A

Enterotoxigenic E. coli

68
Q

Enterotoxigenic E. coli is what symptoms and can be cured by?

A

Watery diarrhea

Hydration

69
Q

What is enterohemorrgaic E. coli (0157 H7 )

A

Bloody diarrhea

70
Q

Where do you mainly find Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (0157 H7)

A

Cattle

71
Q

What are some examples of things that can potentially give you enterohemorrhagic E. coli (0157 H7)?

A

Undercook hamburgers
Lettuce
Spinach

72
Q

Is enterhemorrhagic E. coli deadlier than Enterotoxigenic E. coli?

A

Yes

73
Q

Why is E. coli 0157 H7 so deadly?

A

Caused kidney failure in young kids, elderly and immunodeficiency

74
Q

E. coli 0157 H7 caused what syndrome in the immuno, kids and elders?

A

Uremic syndrome -> kidney failure

75
Q

What is hepatitis?

A

Inflammation of the liver

76
Q

What is the major symptom of hepatitis ? And is caused by

A

Jaundice
( make yellow of skin and eyes )

Caused by the bilirubin in the liver

77
Q

What is hepatitis A?
( family, naked or enveloped, shape, single or double, rna or dna ?)

A

Piconarvidiae
Naked
Isosahedral
Single
Rna

78
Q

What is hepatitis A transmission?

A

Oral to fecal
( contaminated water )

79
Q

What is hepatitis A symptoms?

A

Fever headache jaundice

80
Q

Is hepatitis A chronic?

A

Nope

81
Q

Does hepatitis A have a vaccine ? And what is it

A

Yes
Killer vaccine in 2 doses

82
Q

What is hepatitis B?
( family, enveloped or naked, shape. double or single, dna or rna ?)

A

Hepadnarviridae
Enveloped
Isosahedral
Double
Dna

83
Q

What is the transmission of hepatitis B?

A

Sex, blood, needles, mother to baby

84
Q

What are the symptoms of hepatitis B?

A

Fever
Joint pain
Jaundice

85
Q

Is hepatitis chronic and caused what?

A

Yes 10%
Liver cancer

86
Q

What is hepaticellular caricinoma mean?

A

Liver cancer

87
Q

What is the treatment for hepatitis B? ( AI)

A

Alpha interferon

88
Q

What is the prevention/vaccine for hepatitis B?

A

Recombinant subunit vaccine

89
Q

When do we normally give out the vaccine for hepatitis B?

A

The second we are born pretty much

90
Q

What is hepatitis C
( family, Enveloped or naked, shape, single or double, rna or dna ?)

A

Flaviviridae
Enveloped
Isosahedral
Single
Rna

91
Q

What is hepatitis C transmission?

A

Blood, needles, tattoos

92
Q

How chronic is hepatitis C and caused what?

A

50%
Liver cancer

93
Q

What are symptoms for hepatitis C?

A

Usually more milder fever than others

94
Q

What is the treatment for hepatitis C?

A

Drugs for 2-3 months to cure it

( however really expensive )

95
Q

Is there a vaccine for hepatitis C?

A

No

96
Q

What is hepatitis D?
( enveloped or non, rna or dna, what type of agent?)

A

Envelope
Rna
Defective agent

97
Q

What is hepatitis D transmission?

A

Comes from having Hepatitis B ( bodily fluids )

98
Q

What does defective agent mean for hepatitis D?

A

Has to have hepatitis B in order to replicate

99
Q

What are hepatitis D symptoms?

A

Intensified HBV

100
Q

Can we prevent hepatitis D?

A

Yes through the vaccine of HBV ; subunit

101
Q

What is hepatitis E
( family, single or double, naked or Enveloped or rna or dna ?)

A

Caliciviridae
Single
Naked
Rna

102
Q

How is heptiatis E transmitted by?

A

Oral to fecal

103
Q

What are the symptoms of hepatitis E?

A

Similar to hepatitis A
Fever headache

104
Q

Is there a vaccine for hepatitis E?

A

No

105
Q

What is the morality rate of hepatitis E? Adult and pregnant women?

A

Adult - 1%
Pregnant women- 20%

Microbiology Exam 4 (6 decks)

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