Urogenital Flashcards
What do the Wolffian ducts give rise to?
Male reproductive structure
What do the mesonephric/paramesonephric ducts give rise to?
Male reproductive structure
Where does the urinary system usually extend?
From Lumbar 1, 2, 3 until Lumbar 4
What is another name for the Urogenital system?
Genitourinary system
What are the two systems that make up the Urogenital system?
Genital system (reproductive structures) and Urinary system (excretory structures)
What is the primary reason the urinary and reproductive systems share ducts?
Morphological association and common embryological origins
What are the four major structures of the urinary tract?
Kidney, Ureter, Urinary Bladder, Urethra
What are the four major structures in the male reproductive system?
Testes, Sperm Ducts, Urethra, Penis
What are the four major structures in the female reproductive system?
Ovaries, Fallopian Tubes, Uterus, Vagina
What are the three primary functions of the urinary system?
Removal of waste products, Regulation of blood plasma components, Elimination of urine
What are the typical regions of the kidney?
Renal Cortex, Renal Medulla, Renal Pelvis
What is the functional and structural unit of the kidney?
Nephron
What are the two parts of the nephron?
Renal Corpuscles and Renal Tubules
What is the function of the glomerulus?
Filters the blood
What is the role of Bowman’s capsule?
Collects filtrate from the glomerulus
What is the main role of the proximal tubule?
Reabsorbs glucose and amino acids
Where is the primary site for water reabsorption in the nephron?
Loop of Henle
What hormones act on the distal tubule?
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) like Aldosterone and Vasopressin
What epithelium lines the renal pelvis, ureter, urinary bladder, and urethra?
Transitional epithelium
Why are urinary tract infections more common in females?
The urethra is shorter, allowing organisms to more easily spill into the vulva
What is the primary function of the urinary bladder?
Temporary storage of urine
What are the three parts of the urinary bladder?
Body, Neck, Fundus
What is the trigone of the bladder, and its significance?
A sensitive area in the neck of the bladder that triggers the micturition reflex when stretched
What prevents regurgitation of urine from the bladder to the ureters?
Valves and the oblique angle of entrance of the ureters
