Urinary Unit Exam

Question 1

How do you check a graft for dialysis for patency

Answer 1

feel the thrill

hear the bruit

Question 2

what precautions would you teach patient about dialysis

Answer 2

No BP or needle stick in same arm

Question 3

Thiazide

Answer 3

chlorothiazide

Question 4

loop

Answer 4

furosemide, bumetanide

Question 5

osmotic

Answer 5

mannitol

Question 6

carbonic anhydrase

Answer 6

actazolamide

Question 7

potassium sparing

Answer 7

spironolactone

Question 8

what are special instructions when teaching a patient about loop diuretics

Answer 8

take potassium supplements

Question 9

what are some contraindications when giving loop diuretics

Answer 9

don’t give with aminoglycosides (mycin)

Question 10

what type of diuretics would be used for increased intra-ocular pressure

Answer 10

carboic anhydrase inhibitor

Question 11

how would you expect potassium overload to be treated

Answer 11

diuretics, limit K+ intake, kayexalate

Question 12

what causes a positive chvostek and trosseau’s sign

Answer 12

hypocalcemia

Question 13

which foods contain high potassium

Answer 13

banana, dried fruit

Question 14

what is the most important aspect of a K+ imbalance

Answer 14

heart problems

Question 15

know the difference between prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal failure

Answer 15

prerenal: before kidney
intrarenal: inside kidney
postrenal: after kidney

Question 16

what are symptoms of end stage renal failure

Answer 16

edema, electrolyte imbalance, uric acid in urine, anemia

increased BUN & creatinine, polyuria, oliguria, anuria

Question 17

in renal failure what are typical lab values

Answer 17

hypocalcemia
hyperpohsphorus
increase BUN and creatinine
hypernatremia
hyperkalemia
metabolic acidosis

Question 18

what is the cause of glomerulonephritis

Answer 18

strep

Question 19

what is treatment for glomerulonephritis

Answer 19

NSAIDS, corticosteroids, prophylactic antibiotics, ACE inhibitors

Question 20

why would a patient with diabetic nephropathy need less insulin

Answer 20

kidney isn’t able to break down and excrete so insulin stays in body longer

Question 21

what is hemodialysis

Answer 21

takes blood out and filters it and puts it back

Question 22

what is peritoneal dialysis

Answer 22

puts fluid in peritoneum and works as kidneys would by taking out the bad stuff from the blood through the semipermeable membrane

Question 23

describe nursing care for a patient receiving hemodialysis

Answer 23

assess for bleeding, check circulation, No BP or IV in arm of access

Question 24

describe nursing care for someone receiving peritoneal dialysis

Answer 24

watch for infection, abdominal pain, rebound tenderness, increased protein, sterile technique

Question 25

what are possible complications of each

Answer 25

hemodialysis: decreased BP | peritoneal dialysis: peritonitis (infection)

Question 26

what is a nephrostomy tube

Answer 26

tube goes into kidney and comes out of back and empties into a container

Question 27

how would you care for a nephrostomy tube

Answer 27

don't let it get kinked or clamped

Question 28

what is an ileal conduit

Answer 28

ileum gets attached to ureters and have a stoma to excrete urine

Question 29

what type of drainage would you expect to see from a ileal conduit

Answer 29

mucus - cloudy

Question 30

high risk for bladder cancer

Answer 30

cigarette smokers

Question 31

K+

Answer 31

3.5-5

Question 32

Na+

Answer 32

135-145

Question 33

Serum pH

Answer 33

7.35-7.45

Question 34

CO2

Answer 34

35-45

Question 35

PaO2

Answer 35

80-100

Question 36

HCO3-

Answer 36

22-26

Question 37

Mg++

Answer 37

1.5-2.5

Question 38

Ca++

Answer 38

9-11

Question 39

BUN

Answer 39

8-20

Question 40

Creatinie

Answer 40

.5-1.5

Question 41

how many mL in a tsp

Answer 41

5

Question 42

how many mL in a TBSP

Answer 42

15

Question 43

how many mL in a oz

Answer 43

30

Question 44

how many mL in a cup

Answer 44

235

Question 45

how many mL in a pint

Answer 45

470

Question 46

what medications would you expect a renal transplant to receive

Answer 46

Cyclosporine, Corticosteroids

Question 47

how many lbs in a kg

Answer 47

2.2

Question 48

how many G in a mL

Answer 48

1

Question 49

what foods contain vitamin K

Answer 49

greens, broccoli, cabbage

Question 50

how does the body make vitamin K

Answer 50

bacteria in intestines

Question 51

what if vitamin K the antidote for

Answer 51

Warfarin

Question 52

what is hypertonic

Answer 52

cell shrivels

Question 53

what is hypotonic

Answer 53

cell explodes

Question 54

what is isotonic

Answer 54

cell does nothing

Question 55

what must be done to all urine with a patient with renal calculi

Answer 55

strain the urine