Pain Flashcards
know which common medications are opioid
morphine, codeine
know which common medications are non-opioid
acetaminophen, ibuprofen
what are some side effects of salicylate (aspirin) administrations
gastric upset, N/V, GI bleed
whatare characteristics of chronic pain
longer than 6 months
what are characteristics of acute pain
shorter than 6 months
what are good assessment tools to assess pain in an adult
numerica scale
what are good assessment tools to assess pain in an infant or mentally impaired person
Pain AD (wong baker faces) FLACC
prior to administering a narcotic what is essential for the nurse to check
respirations
what is the antidote for opioids
naloxone
what is the antidote for benzodiazepines
flumazenil
how do most NSAIDS work
anti-inflammatory
Pain should be assessed
before and 30 min after administering med
Phases of pain
Transduction: disruption to cells
Transmission: pain form nerve to spinal cord - dorsal root - sensory neurons- brain
perception: actually feeling pain
modulation: body tries to stop pain impulses
what is somatic pain
skin, tissue, muscle
what is visceral pain
abdomen
what is referred pain
pain felt in part of body other tan actual source
somatic and visceral are said to be
nocicptive pain
referred and nerve pain are what type of pain
neurogenic
give examples of referred and nerve pain
referred: heart attack pain in arm
nerve: phantom pain
how often should a fentanyl patch be replaced
every 3 days
is there a ceiling effect to opioids
no
is there a ceiling effect to NSAIDS and acetaminophen
yes - 1000 won’t be better than 400
what is the term when over time, more narcotic is required to receive the desired effect
tolerance
what is the term for the groups of medications that were not developed for pain relief yet are used to assist in pain relief
analgesic adjuvents
what is a rhizotomy
surgical, chemical, radiowave destruction of nerve root to spinal cord
what is a cordotomy
interruption of pain pathways in spinal cord - sensation loss is permanent
what is the term for pain that becomes worse even when taking the prescribed amount of pain medication
interactable
what is the onset, duration, intensity, and quality of pain
when started, how long, how strong, sharp, stabbing, dull aching
why is aspirin not given to children with viral infections
Reye’s Sundrome
Acetaminophen should not be used in someone with what disease
liver disease or smoker
What are the actions of NSAIDS
decreased inflammation, reduce pain
name some common NSAIDS
ibuprofen, indomethacin, naproxen
what are some side effects of NSAIDS
Most common: GI bleeding
N/V, headaches, GI distress, ulcer
what are some side effects of opioids
physical dependence, N/V, mental confusion, respiratory depression
name some common opioids
morphine, codeine, fentanyl, oxycodone, hydromorphone
which opioid is commonly given for coughing
morphine sulfate
what is tolerance
need more and more of drug to get same effect
what is opioid naive
don’t need opioids
what is addiction
addicted to a drug
