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Urinary > Urinary tract Obstruction > Flashcards

Urinary tract Obstruction Flashcards

1
Q

What are some symptoms associated with urinary tract obstruction?

A

Pain

Frank haematuria

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2
Q

What are some signs associated with UT obstruction?

A

Palpable mass

Microscopic haematuria

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3
Q

What are some complications of UT obstruction?

A

Infection
Sepsis
Renal failure

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4
Q

What is loin to groin pain, nausea & vomiting with pyrexia associated with?

A

Renal calculi

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5
Q

What is pyelonephritis?

A

Inflammation of kidney

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6
Q

What is pyonephrosis?

A

Inflammation & obstruction of kidney

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7
Q

What initial treatment may be administered in patient with renal stone?

A 
IV Fluid
Bloods
Urine & blood culture
ABIs
Analgesia
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8
Q

What are some emergency treatment options for urinary tract obstruction?

A

Percutaneous nephrostomy insertion

Retrograde stent insertion

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9
Q

What is the main treatment for patient with retention?

A

Catheterisation (Foley)

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10
Q

What complication can occur in patients presenting with chronic retention after catheterisation?

A

Post obstructive diuresis (pathological)

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11
Q

What imaging would you want to do in LUT obstruction?

A

USS
Bladder scan
Xray
CT KUB

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12
Q

What are the different types of chronic retention?

A

High pressure & low pressure

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13
Q

What are some of the symptoms of high pressure chronic retention?

A

Painless
Incontinent
Rasied Cr
Bilateral hydronephrosis

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14
Q

What are some of the symptoms in low pressure chronic retention?

A

Painless
Dry
Normla Cr
Normal kidneys

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15
Q

Which type of chronic retention is most harmful?

A

High pressure

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16
Q

What is defined as post obstructive duiresis? What can it lead to?

A

Greater than 200mls/hr after catheterisation

Electrolyte imbalance

17
Q

What areas in the Upper UT can obstructions occur?

A

Pelviureteric junction
Ureter
Vescio-ureteric junction

18
Q

What are some if the intrinsic causes of obstruction at the PUJ?

A

Physiological obstruction
Stone
Ureteric tumour (TCC)
Blood clot

19
Q

What are some of the intrinsic causes of ureter obstruction?

A

Stone
Ureteric tumour (TCC)
Scar tissue
Blood clot

20
Q

What are some of the intrinsic causes of ureteric obstruction at the VUJ?

A

Stone

Tumour (TCC) - bladder & ureteric

21
Q

What are some extrinsic causes of UT obstruction?

A

Lymph node tumour

Abdominal tumours

22
Q

What is the name of a 2 port catheter?

A

Foley catheter

23
Q

What are some of the signs of acute urinary retention?

A

Painful
Inability to void
Palpable & percussible bladder

24
Q

What are the usual residual volumes associated with acute urinary retention?

A

500ml- 1L

25
Q

What are some of the signs of chronic urinary retention?

A

Painless
Palpable
Percussible bladder after voiding

26
Q

What is the residual volume which usually remains within the bladder with chronic urinary retention?

A

400ml-2L

Urinary (17 decks)

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