Anatomy

Question 1

Name the component parts of the urinary system

Answer 1

Kidneys
Ureters
Bladder
Urethra

Question 2

What level to the kidneys sit at?

Answer 2

T12-L3

Question 3

Which kidney lies higher up?

Answer 3

Left

Right - liver

Question 4

What are the 4 layers which cover the kidney?

Answer 4

Renal capsule
Peri-renal fat
Renal fascia (Gerota’s fascia)
Para-renal fat

Question 5

Why is there fat surrounding the kidneys?

Answer 5

Protection

Question 6

How are the kidneys peritonised?

Answer 6

Retroperitoneal

Question 7

What structures are in contact with the right kidney?

Answer 7

Suprarenal gland 
Liver 
Duodenum 
Colon 
Jejunum

Question 8

What structures are in contact with the left side?

Answer 8

Suprarenal gland 
Stomach 
Spleen
Pancreas
Small bowel 
Areas of left colonic flexure

Question 9

Where does the SMA leave the aorta in relation to renal vein?

Answer 9

Above

Question 10

What is the sympathetic innervation of the kidneys?

Answer 10

T12-L1

Question 11

What is the parasympathetic innervation of the kidneys?

Answer 11

Vagus nerve

Question 12

Where does lymph drain from the kidneys?

Answer 12

Para-aortic lymph nodes

Question 13

What is the name of a kidney that has not separated in embryological development?

Answer 13

Horseshoe kidney

Question 14

What is the name given to a system where 2 ureters are present?

Answer 14

Duplex system

Question 15

What structures are present in the renal medulla?

Answer 15

Renal Pyramids 
Calyx 
Pelvi 
Ureter 
Hilum of kidney

Question 16

At the nephron level, what is present at the renal cortex?

Answer 16

Glomerulus/ Bowmans capsule

DCC/PCC

Question 17

At the nephron, which is present at the renal medulla?

Answer 17

Collecting ducts

Loop of Henle

Question 18

At which level are the paired renal arteries given off?

Answer 18

L1

Question 19

Which renal vessel travels across the front of the aorta?

Answer 19

Left renal vein

Question 20

Out of the L/R renal arteries, which is the longest?

Answer 20

Right renal artery

Question 21

Which vein travels through the abdominal cavity and drains into the left renal vein?

Answer 21

Left gonadal (testicular/ovarian) vein

Question 22

Where does the right gonadal vein drain into?

Answer 22

IVC

Question 23

What muscle do the ureters lie on?

Answer 23

Psoas major

Question 24

Where are the most common regions for calculi to occur in ureters?

Answer 24

3 constrictions of ureter

Question 25

What part of the bladder do the ureters enter in to?

Answer 25

Trigone of bladder

Question 26

What part of the bladder does the urethra exit?

Answer 26

Neck of the bladder

Question 27

In females, what crosses the ureters superiorly at the pelvic brim?

Answer 27

Uterine artery

Question 28

In males, what cross the ureters anteriorly at the pelvic brim?

Answer 28

Vas deferens

Question 29

What attaches the apex of the bladder to the umbilicus?

Answer 29

Median umbilical ligament

Question 30

What is the median umbilical ligament a remnant of embryologically?

Answer 30

Allantois

Question 31

What tissue is the bladder composed of?

Answer 31

Smooth muscle

Question 32

Which bony joint does the bladder sit in relation with?

Answer 32

Pubic symphysis

Question 33

What is the name of the peritoneal pouch formed between the bladder & rectum (or uterus & rectum)?

Answer 33

Pouch of Douglas

Question 34

What kind of epithelium lines bladder & ureters?

Answer 34

Stratified transitional epithelium

Question 35

Along which area of vertebra do the ureters run along?

Answer 35

Transverse process