Urinary System - Wk 14 (Exam 4) Flashcards
Arrange the correct order of the Urinary system, which has Urine traveling through it.
- Glomerulus
- Capsular space
- Proximal convoluted tubule
- Descending limb (nephron loop)
- Ascending limb (nephron loop)
- Distal convoluted tubule
- Collecting duct
- Papillary duct
- Minor calyx
- Major calyx
- Renal pelvis
- Ureter
- Bladder
- Urethra
- Out of body
What does Proximal convoluted tubule reabsorb?
- Glucose
- Amino acids
- ## Sodium Chloride
What does Descending limb (nephron loop) reabsorb?
- Water
- Sodium Chloride NaCl
What does Ascending limb (nephron loop) reabsorb?
- Sodium
- Potassium
- Chloride
What does the Distal convoluted tubule reabsorb?
Sodium Chloride NaCl
What does the Urinary system include?
- Kidneys
- Ureters
- Bladder
- Urethra
What are Kidneys and where are they located?
https://canvas.pasadena.edu/courses/1135576/files/77801154?module_item_id=16128486
pg 31
- 1 pair of organs shaped like beans
- Between T12 to L3
What are the functions of the Kidneys?
- Excretes (urinates) metabolic waste
- Balances water, electrolyte, & pH levels
- Regulates (controls) blood pressure
- Regulates (controls) erythrocyte production
- Regulates (controls) vitamin D production
- Glucose synthesis when fasting
What is the outer region of the Kidneys called?
Renal cortex
What are Renal columns?
“Inward extensions of renal cortex”
What is the inner region of the Kidneys called?
Renal medulla
What are Renal pyramids?
- 6-8 structures in the medulla
- Shaped like cones
What is the Renal papilla?
“Tip of Renal pyramid that empties into minor calyces”
What does the Renal lobe include?
A Renal pyramid & its adjacent (nearby) cortex
What is Nephron?
Kidneys’ functional unit that filters blood to create urine
Which fluid leaves the Nephron?
Urine
What are Corticol nephrons?
Nephron loops that don’t extend (expand) within the medulla
pg 33
What are Juxtamedullary nephrons?
Nephron loops that extend (expand) deep within the medulla.
pg 33
What parts make up the Nephron?
- Renal corpuscle (made by Glomerulus & Glomerular capsule)
- Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)
- Nephron loop (Descending & Ascending limb)
What is Glomerulus?
“Fenestrated capillary bed that filters blood based on size”
What is Glomerular capsule?
- Sack that’s around the Glomerulus
- Shaped like a cup
- Has visceral & parietal layers
What is Capsular Space?
pg 34 (exam 4 review)
Space between layers that gather filtrate
What are the functions of the Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)?
- Drains filtrate from capsular space
- Reabsorbs:
- Glucose
- Amino acids
- Ions
- Water via (through) Osmosis
- Secretes (releases) drug medicines (medications)
If Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) reabsorbs 100% of glucose, why do diabetes mellitus patients have glucose in their urine?
“If the concentration of blood glucose becomes too high (160-180 mg/dL), the tubules no longer reabsorb glucose, allowing it to pass through into the urine” (LabCe).
